
{"id":194403,"date":"2019-03-06T11:30:30","date_gmt":"2019-03-06T16:30:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/?p=194403"},"modified":"2019-03-05T13:41:19","modified_gmt":"2019-03-05T18:41:19","slug":"the-list-and-the-money-dont-tally","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/opinion\/columns\/counterbalance\/the-list-and-the-money-dont-tally\/","title":{"rendered":"The list and the money don\u2019t tally"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An old recourse to express the strangeness in a contradictory situation is the phrase: &#8220;The list and the money don\u2019t tally.&#8221; That\u2019s what a good friend said to me after reading <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cubadebate.cu\/cuba\/2019\/02\/01\/sistema-empresarial-cubano-cambios-necesarios\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">what was posted<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> on the <strong><em>Cubadebate<\/em><\/strong> site about the situation of the country&#8217;s enterprises. Let&#8217;s start with what most caught his attention:<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the 2011-2017 period, enterprise indicators show positive numbers, most of them on the upswing: net sales (35% increase), profit before taxes (72%), gross added value (51%) and productivity (57%).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In addition to the above, there has been a decrease in the number of unprofitable enterprises, which has allowed a considerable reduction in the subsidies due to losses (91%).<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, the improvement of the performance of the socialist state enterprise draws attention, compared to the performance of our economy during that same period. It is an obvious contradiction, it can be translated into academic language as a scientific problem, which could lead to many new doctoral theses.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">From 2011 to 2018, the Cuban economy shows a growth rate that barely reaches an annual average of 2%.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/tasas-crecimiento-1140x754.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-194405\" src=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/tasas-crecimiento-1140x754.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1140\" height=\"754\" srcset=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/tasas-crecimiento-1140x754.jpg 1140w, https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/tasas-crecimiento-1140x754-300x198.jpg 300w, https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/tasas-crecimiento-1140x754-768x508.jpg 768w, https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/tasas-crecimiento-1140x754-1024x677.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/tasas-crecimiento-1140x754-750x496.jpg 750w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1140px) 100vw, 1140px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Caption:<\/strong><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>GDP growth rates (1997 prices)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Annual rates<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Average\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The question is obvious: How is it possible that given that the socialist state enterprise carries the greatest weight in the national economy and that it has achieved such important performances, those numbers are not reflected in:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the country\u2019s growth rate,<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the significant improvement in quantity and quality of the national supply of goods,<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the growth of exports,<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the significant reduction in imports,<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the reduction of idle inventories,<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the raising of the quality of the goods produced,<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> a greater complementariness of the Cuban productive system,<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> an improvement in reducing debts to suppliers,<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the substantial decrease in accounts receivable and payable,<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the reduction of the theft and sale of smuggled oil, etc., etc., etc.?<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And while it is true that wages in state enterprises have gone up, if the performance of all the state enterprises improves (the data are published there in <strong><em>Cubadebate<\/em><\/strong>), and the national economy does not improve, then something is happening, with the statistics at the national level, or with statistics at the enterprise level, or, simply, nothing is happening at the level of data and statistics and then it turns out that the practice is saying that the improvement obtained, even though it is significant for enterprises, isn\u2019t for the economy as a whole. Or that what happens in all the state enterprises is not so important for the performance of the national economy. The latter seems unthinkable and impossible.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The second question is also obvious: if we are doing so well, why should the organization of the state business system, especially the Higher Organizations of Business Management (OSDEs), be subject to a thorough review?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">On May 29, 2014, a comprehensive explanation of the changes in the Cuban business system was also <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cubadebate.cu\/especiales\/2014\/05\/29\/empresa-estatal-cubana-mas-autonomia-mas-posibilidades-mejor-remuneracion\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">published<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in Cubadebate. In that same article, the idea expressed by Army General Ra\u00fal Castro about the decisive role of the state enterprise in the aspirations to build a prosperous and sustainable socialism was retaken. &#8220;The state enterprise is and will be the main form in the national economy, whose results will depend on the construction of our prosperous and sustainable socialism&#8221;. At that time, the OSDEs and the system derived from it appeared as the solution.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">On that occasion it was explained (in fact it is the title of the article) that those changes were intended &#8220;to make business activity flexible, give more autonomy and independence to enterprises.&#8221; An old aspiration that has presided over each of the transformations made in the Cuban business system since the implementation of the system of management and planning of the economy, back in 1976.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Forty years later, now in 2019 we are still trying to achieve that goal. It is not that progress hasn\u2019t been made, but what the practice says (which in the end is still the criterion of truth), is that we are very far from what we really need state-owned enterprises to be.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is true that there is a long history of comings and goings in relation to state enterprises, it is true that in all these years there has been a huge effort to train people to work as executives, cadres, entrepreneurs (the Higher School of Management of the Economy and its provincial schools), that is, effort at the organizational as well as the formative level existed and exists. So what then?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In 2012, researcher Luis Marcelo (1) explained that between the economic calculation system of 1962 and the system implemented with the so-called Business Improvement, it was possible to see progress in terms of decentralization, especially with regard to the exercise of business functions such as production and decisions regarding structure and staff, however in other business functions (sales, prices, investments, compensation, designation of the director and distribution of profits) the degree of decentralization was the same. I do not know if that same exercise has been repeated now in this time of OSDEs, it would be beneficial to do so.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Five years after that May 2014 article explaining the changes that were being made to promote the &#8220;process of improvement&#8221; of the socialist state enterprise, it has been necessary to review the role of the OSDEs, and rethink the place of the Basic Enterprise Units (UEBs). From 2014 to 2019, five years have passed, was it necessary to wait that long?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Without a doubt, it is necessary to <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cubadebate.cu\/especiales\/2018\/12\/16\/cuba-redefinira-el-proximo-ano-su-estructura-empresarial\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">rethink the OSDEs<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the socialist state enterprise. It should also be said that the business environment for our state enterprises is not the best. First because of the macroeconomic distortions, second because of the rigidity derived from a plan that leaves little room for horizontal relations between the enterprises themselves, third because the system is built on the basis of large enterprises, many of them monopolistic, fourth because the spaces for competition between state-owned enterprises are minimal, fifth because the macroeconomic distortions, including price distortion, lead to a misallocation of resources and all of the above is an attack on the very root of the bases of productivity and efficiency at a micro scale.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Following what was published in <em><strong>Cubadebate<\/strong><\/em> on February 1, the transformations carried out from 2011 to 2018 were intended to:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Separate state functions from business functions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Increase autonomy in the business system and its level of efficiency and organization.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Transform the mechanisms of distribution of wealth.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Ensure that companies recapitalize on their own.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If we look at the data on the performance of the state business sector provided in that article and outlined above, we could give a high rating to the meeting of those goals. On the other hand, if we look at the performance of the national economy, which depends on these enterprises, then the rating will have to be different. What a contradiction.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(1) Marcelo L. \u201cDesaf\u00edos de la descentralizaci\u00f3n del sistema estatal cubano,\u201d Scientific Meeting of the National Institute for Research on the Economy (INIE), December 6 and 7, 2012.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>An old recourse to express the strangeness in a contradictory situation is the phrase: &#8220;The list and the money don\u2019t tally.&#8221; That\u2019s what a good friend said to me after reading what was posted on the Cubadebate site about the situation of the country&#8217;s enterprises. Let&#8217;s start with what most caught his attention: In the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3304,"featured_media":194404,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[13075],"tags":[14816,18500,19342],"ppma_author":[33885],"class_list":["post-194403","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-counterbalance","tag-cuban-economy","tag-cuban-economy-in-2019","tag-socialist-economy"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The list and the money don\u2019t tally | OnCubaNews English<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"From 2011 to 2018, the Cuban economy shows a growth rate that barely reaches an annual average of 2%\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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