{"id":219188,"date":"2020-05-16T12:01:08","date_gmt":"2020-05-16T16:01:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/?p=219188"},"modified":"2020-05-16T12:02:15","modified_gmt":"2020-05-16T16:02:15","slug":"cuban-medicines-against-covid-19-ii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/cuba\/cuban-medicines-against-covid-19-ii\/","title":{"rendered":"Cuban medicines against COVID-19 (II)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Cuban science, particularly that linked to the pharmaceutical industry, has been decisive in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic on the island and beyond its borders. Its contributions, according to executives and specialists, have been concentrated in three main directions.<\/p>\n<p>In a first work, we addressed the development of medications that seek to prevent vulnerable people from contracting the disease and becoming seriously ill. Drugs such as Biomodulin T and the vaccines to increase people\u2019s innate immunity can be mentioned in this direction.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"hH5KfDv4We\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/cuba\/cuban-medicines-against-covid-19-i\/\">Cuban medicines against COVID-19 (I)<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Cuban medicines against COVID-19 (I)&#8221; &#8212; OnCubaNews English\" src=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/cuba\/cuban-medicines-against-covid-19-i\/embed\/#?secret=4tBMBkhtaO#?secret=hH5KfDv4We\" data-secret=\"hH5KfDv4We\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>A second course is that of the products used for the usual treatment of those who become infected with the virus. This is a key line of work since, according to Dr. Eduardo Mart\u00ednez, president of the BioCubaFarma business group, \u201cpatients whose immune system fails to respond effectively to infection can have a viral load up to 60 times greater than that of those who go through the disease asymptomatically or mildly, so it is very important to have antiviral agents that reduce this load.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>Treatment of COVID-19 patients <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Recombinant Alpha 2B human interferon<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Of this drug, a pioneer in the Cuban biotechnology industry, \u201cthere is plenty of evidence of its antiviral action\u201d and it has once again proven its worth against the new coronavirus, even before the report of its first cases on the island, confirmed Dr. Eulogio Pimentel, general director of the Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB).<\/p>\n<p>This drug, produced by the CIGB since 30 years ago, started being used from the beginning of the epidemic in China\u2015a country where it is also produced by a joint venture between Cuban and Chinese entities\u2015and since then it has been showing encouraging effects, both reported in international publications as well as proven by its use in Cuba.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"lDWbf8ZJXO\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/cuba\/the-famous-cuban-interferon-vs-the-sars-cov-2-coronavirus\/\">The famous Cuban interferon vs the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;The famous Cuban interferon vs the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus&#8221; &#8212; OnCubaNews English\" src=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/cuba\/the-famous-cuban-interferon-vs-the-sars-cov-2-coronavirus\/embed\/#?secret=r0oNRd82LX#?secret=lDWbf8ZJXO\" data-secret=\"lDWbf8ZJXO\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>According to Pimentel, \u201cin Cuba there are no objections to its use in the sick population\u201d and \u201cits results, combined within the protocol of therapeutic action established by the Cuban Ministry of Public Health, are surprising due to the magnitude of the efficacy obtained.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cMore than 92% of virus-positive patients in the country have used interferon in their therapy, and the data from the results obtained show that the number of patients becoming seriously ill is practically reduced twofold, compared to those who haven\u2019t received this therapy in Cuba,\u201d explained to the press the director general of the CIGB, a center of proven reputation that since the beginning of the pandemic has launched a dozen projects associated with different stages in which action can be taken from the therapeutic point of view against COVID-19.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cBetween 15 and 20% of patients in the world evolve towards a critical and serious stage of the disease, while in Cuba it has been less than 5% in the case of patients treated with Heberon (trade name of the Cuban interferon),\u201d which, in the opinion of the specialist, evidences its \u201cindisputable capacity to drastically reduce the number of patients that evolve towards becoming seriously ill.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>To this is added that while in the world the fatality rate is around 7%, on the island the patients treated with Heberon are below 1%, which, according to Pimentel, \u201cis not the only consequence of the use of interferon,\u201d but of the applied therapeutic protocol \u201cin which interferon is playing a key role.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>However, despite these evidences, the official commented that \u201cits efficacy\u201d and data supporting it continues being studied, while a clinical trial is being developed that combines two interferons, the aforementioned Alpha 2B and gamma, about which \u201cI cannot advance anything yet, but with which we feel very motivated.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>Inventories and demand for Cuban interferon<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Due to its efficacy, Cuban interferon has generated great international interest and BioCubaFarma has already been contacted by more than 80 countries, \u201cto some of which it is exported, in other cases the contract process is underway, and with others there is an exchange of information for a possible contract,\u201d stated its president, Dr. Eduardo Mart\u00ednez.<\/p>\n<p>However, the executive assured that the island\u2019s pharmaceutical industry\u2019s policy is \u201cnot to export any medicine if there is a risk of it being lacking in the country, something that we take very much into account in the case of the new coronavirus pandemic.\u201d And he emphasized that \u201cthe priority is to guarantee the drugs for the worst scenario that we could have, for the number of patients that we have calculated that there could be in that case, and that amount of drugs is set aside.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>In addition, he affirmed that in the case of interferon, the current international demand does not endanger existing inventories in Cuba or its use in Cuban COVID-19 patients, a fact that was confirmed by the director general of the CIGB, who assured <strong>OnCuba<\/strong> that the island today has \u201c100% coverage of recombinant Alpha 2B human interferon for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 in the country.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Two months ago, Pimentel had replied to our media that his center then had an inventory of finished product \u201cfor the cases we estimate may appear in Cuba in a horizon of between three and six months,\u201d although he did not offer a specific figure in this regard. Now he specified that \u201cassuming that up to this moment we have had half of the patients predicted by the models, in those patients we have used a third of the amount that we have available.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe have enough inventory of interferon Alpha 2B to treat all patients who could still be infected according to what the prognostic models foresee and, even so, we have much more inventory in case it is necessary to use it in Cuba and to share it with other countries,\u201d he affirmed.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Other antiviral medicines<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Chloroquine<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Beyond interferon, the island also produces other drugs that are used in the treatment of COVID-19 patients. This is the case of chloroquine, which until now has been used against other diseases such as malaria, rheumatoid arthritis and autoimmune lupus disease, and which since the pandemic spread has become part of the protocols established in several countries, including Cuba, for its immunomodulatory nature and also its possible antiviral effect.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kaletra (lopinavir and ritonavir)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Furthermore, even though it is not yet manufactured, the pharmaceutical industry is working on the development of its own version of Kaletra, a combination of two antiretrovirals\u2015lopinavir and ritonavir\u2015originally created to treat AIDS patients, which until today is imported by the island and also plays an important role in the Cuban protocol against COVID-19.<\/p>\n<p>The first trials of the Cuban prototype of this drug have yielded \u201csatisfactory results,\u201d according to recent statements by Adalberto Izquierdo, one of the leaders of the investigation carried out by the company MedSol, who, however, explained that for its large-scale production, \u201cadaptations in Cuban technology\u201d are required in the absence of an important equipment for the manufacture of Kaletra on the island for the time being.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"oxhyGTAfQp\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/cuba\/cuba-developing-its-own-version-of-an-antiretroviral-for-use-in-coronavirus-patients\/\">Cuba developing its own version of an antiretroviral for use in coronavirus patients<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Cuba developing its own version of an antiretroviral for use in coronavirus patients&#8221; &#8212; OnCubaNews English\" src=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/cuba\/cuba-developing-its-own-version-of-an-antiretroviral-for-use-in-coronavirus-patients\/embed\/#?secret=t4Z4MUTjFO#?secret=oxhyGTAfQp\" data-secret=\"oxhyGTAfQp\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><strong>New drugs<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Along this line, the president of BioCubaFarma also pointed out that his business group is working \u201con two drugs based on peptide molecules, which have already shown an antiviral effect in in vitro experiments with other coronaviruses, but we have found important evidence that they can inhibit the replication of this virus.\u201d In this regard, he explained that Cuba has established \u201ccollaboration with China, in laboratories there, to already test them on the new coronavirus to verify the effectiveness of these molecules.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>Treatment of critically and seriously ill patients<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Among the treatments for COVID-19 patients, Cuban science has paid special attention to those who, for different reasons, enter a serious and critical stage.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAt an international level, a high percentage of critically ill patients die, and in Cuba we have achieved better indicators with the protocols and medications that we have tested,\u201d said Dr. Eduardo Mart\u00ednez. The official specified that for this BioCubaFarma proposed to the island\u2019s health authorities \u201cthe use of our medicines that were used in the treatment of other diseases, but that their mechanism of action and the behavior of this virus, in particular the so-called \u2018cytokine storm\u2019 that leads patients to become seriously ill and even to the death of patients, we believe they could be effective.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>After the first assessments, which left \u201cfavorable evidence in a group of patients,\u201d the Cuban Ministry of Public Health (MINSAP) \u201cdecided that they should be extended to the entire country, and that is the process we are in,\u201d Mart\u00ednez said.<\/p>\n<p><strong>CIGB 258<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>One of these products is known as CIGB 258, developed by the Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, from which it takes its initials. The project, led by Dr. Mar\u00eda del Carmen Dom\u00ednguez, was initially aimed at treating chronic autoimmune inflammatory diseases, but it has found a very promising niche against COVID-19, since it contributes to controlling the magnitude of the inflammation produced by the disease and does not generate immunosuppression.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIt is a project we are very focused on and that keeps us optimistic, and although its results are not yet conclusive, they do draw a lot of attention,\u201d said Dr. Eulogio Pimentel.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cFor example,\u201d explained the director general of the CIGB, \u201cin the United Kingdom the rate of patients who die after becoming critically ill is around 67%, in the United States, over 80%, while in Cuba, of the 22 patients evaluated in a study done until the end of April, only 11% had died. Of these patients, only one remained serious, 11 went from seriously ill to a care state and six were discharged from hospital. These are not conclusive data, as this is an ongoing investigation, but they are very stimulating.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>From the Center for Molecular Immunology<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Parallel with the CIGB, the Center for Molecular Immunology (CIM) has also focused part of its efforts on drugs that help patients with an advanced stage of COVID-19. In this regard, its director of clinical research, Dr. Tania Crombet, commented that one of the studies \u201cthat we started most quickly was a research protocol associated with a monoclonal antibody that has a very important role in the contraction of the inflammatory response, in the reduction of proinflammatory cytokines that have a relevant role in the disease.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>Itolizumab<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Itolizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody with more than 20 years of clinical research and produced in Cuba since 2014, which is used to treat other conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis. In the case of COVID-19, it acts in the phase \u201cwhere the damage is caused by the exaggerated response of the immune system to the virus\u2019 enormous capacity to divide,\u201d and its use could help to \u201cstop in time\u201d the consequences of the cytokine storm, a life-threatening immune reaction.<\/p>\n<p>Its study has covered more than 65 patients from some 10 hospitals throughout the island, classified as critical, serious and in a care state with a high risk of aggravation for being vulnerable patients due to their advanced age and\/or for presenting other conditions such as high blood pressure, diabetes , asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or having suffered heart attacks or cerebrovascular accidents, according to Dr. Crombet, who said that in a first cut of the research, a percentage was reached of 40% of patients who left intensive therapy or who were even discharged.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThese figures improve according to the patient\u2019s condition at the time of starting treatment; in the case of care patients, the rate is 80%,\u201d said the specialist, who explained that \u201cdata is still being collected and an analysis of many parameters is being made to reach definitive conclusions on the effectiveness of the monoclonal antibody in reducing proinflammatory cytokines and the improvement of patients.\u201d<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"zG65dqrCgH\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/cuba\/cuba-uses-monoclonal-antibody-to-control-cytokine-storm-in-covid-19-patients\/\">Cuba uses monoclonal antibody to control \u201ccytokine storm\u201d in COVID-19 patients<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Cuba uses monoclonal antibody to control \u201ccytokine storm\u201d in COVID-19 patients&#8221; &#8212; OnCubaNews English\" src=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/cuba\/cuba-uses-monoclonal-antibody-to-control-cytokine-storm-in-covid-19-patients\/embed\/#?secret=6qv0qRN49P#?secret=zG65dqrCgH\" data-secret=\"zG65dqrCgH\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><strong>Recombinant human erythropoietin<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In addition, the CIM also contributed to the treatment in the severe phases of COVID-19 the recombinant human erythropoietin, \u201ca medicine that has been registered for many years in Cuba and is used in anemic patients with kidney failure, in premature children\u2019s anemia, and in patients with AIDS or cancer with anemia,\u201d said Crombet.<\/p>\n<p>Regarding the reasons for its use during the pandemic, the director of clinical research at the CIM affirmed that the role of this drug in cytoprotection is known, so the Cuban protocol for care of critically or seriously ill patients included its use \u201cknowing that protection from the ischemic damage seen in this type of patient has to be sought.\u201d Therefore, \u201cthe doses that are being used are cytoprotective and will allow improving the degree of hypoxia (absence of sufficient oxygen in the tissues) that this type of patient has when reaching a critical or serious condition,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n<p><strong>For recovery<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Although it is the last stage, the recovery of those who have suffered from COVID-19 has not been neglected by the Cuban pharmaceutical industry. Its scientists have worked, and continue to do so, in the development and production of medicines and natural products to recover these people and \u201cstabilize their health in a faster and more effective way,\u201d said Dr. Eduardo Mart\u00ednez.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe are rapidly studying the health status of patients once they recover from the disease, and we have seen the possibility of intervening with a group of medications,\u201d said Mart\u00ednez, who explained that work is underway in the manufacture of \u201ca molecule to increase the presence of white blood cells, of the defense cells of the organism in these patients, because the immune system is really weakened.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>For her part, Dr. Tania Crombet pointed out that the CIM has a research protocol \u201cassociated with regenerative therapy, for use in patients who leave hospital centers as cured patients, in which a medicine whose commercial name is Leucosin is used.\u201d It is, she said, \u201ca factor that stimulates granulositic colonies, a drug that, due to its mechanism of action through stem cells, could contribute to regenerating fibrous respiratory tissue that may remain as a sequel and thus improve the respiratory function that is often left with restrictive disorders after suffering from the disease.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>To the aforementioned, the president of BioCubaFarma added that his business group is also working on the production of nutritional supplements, capsules rich in omega 3 and omega 6, propolis tablets, \u201cproducts that as a whole can help restore immune capacity and strengthen the health of people who have suffered from COVID-19.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>Vaccine<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Finally, Mart\u00ednez confirmed that Cuba is working \u201cin an accelerated way\u201d to achieve a specific preventive vaccine for this virus, along with dozens of other projects that are being carried out around the world in this direction. \u201cWe have several vaccine candidates,\u201d he said, \u201cand we soon plan to report the results we are obtaining with them.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSo far we are very satisfied with the results achieved with the drugs developed and with the research underway to deal with this disease, and we continue working with the MINSAP to improve the treatments and the health of the patients. That is our priority right now,\u201d he concluded.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_219194\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-219194\" style=\"width: 751px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/97486080_884733395338200_707341342254039040_n-1-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-219194\" src=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/97486080_884733395338200_707341342254039040_n-1-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"751\" height=\"593\" srcset=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/97486080_884733395338200_707341342254039040_n-1-1.jpg 751w, https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/97486080_884733395338200_707341342254039040_n-1-1-300x237.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 751px) 100vw, 751px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-219194\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Summary scheme of the interventions carried out as part of the care protocol in Cuba.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><em><strong>*Caption:\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>PROPHYLACTIC AND THERAPEUTIC INTERVENTIONS<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>According to level of complexity of services<\/p>\n<p>PRODUCTS<\/p>\n<p>15 national production<\/p>\n<p>3 imported<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Population<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Active screening\/<\/p>\n<p><strong>Prevengho Vir<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Social institutions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Biomodulin T<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Prevengo Vir<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Over 60.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Biomodulin T<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Under 60.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Transference Factor<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Interferon Alfa 2b. Nasal<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Preventive<\/p>\n<p><strong>Oseltamivir<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Azithromycin<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Interferon Alfa 2b. IM<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Kaletra<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Chloroquine<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Erythropoietin<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>AcM\/CIGB 258<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Surfacen<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Plasma<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Surveillance<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kaletra\/ InF<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Recuperative Therapy<\/p>\n<p>Community<\/p>\n<p>Center for Surveillance of\u00a0<strong>travelers<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Center for isolation of\u00a0<strong>contacts<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Center for care of\u00a0<strong>suspects<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>EC\/ CIGB 2020<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Hospitals for care of<strong>\u00a0confirmed patients<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Care units for<strong>\u00a0serious and critical patients<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Community<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Level of complexity of services<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Cuban science, particularly that linked to the pharmaceutical industry, has been decisive in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic on the island and beyond its borders. Its contributions, according to executives and specialists, have been concentrated in three main directions. In a first work, we addressed the development of medications that seek to prevent vulnerable [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3261,"featured_media":219189,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[13902],"tags":[29532,31408],"ppma_author":[33550,14826],"class_list":["post-219188","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cuba","tag-coronavirus-in-cuba","tag-cuban-medicines-against-covid-19"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Cuban medicines against COVID-19 (II) | OnCubaNews English<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Care protocol used in Cuba for COVID-19 patients and those in the recovery phase of the disease.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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