
{"id":227790,"date":"2020-09-20T09:23:38","date_gmt":"2020-09-20T13:23:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/?p=227790"},"modified":"2020-09-20T09:23:38","modified_gmt":"2020-09-20T13:23:38","slug":"without-one-or-the-other","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/science\/without-one-or-the-other\/","title":{"rendered":"Without one or the other"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The FAO (the UN Food and Agriculture Organization) says so: you have to hold onto cassava. But first, you need to sow it and harvest it. And if we get down to business and pull even, this tuber, scientifically called <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Crantz Manihot esculenta<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.fao.org\/news\/story\/es\/item\/176821\/icode\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">could become the crop of the 21st century<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, also for Cuba.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Considered \u201cfood for the poor,\u201d its many properties, together with the resilience of the plant, which is planted in infertile and dry lands, and the various industrial uses that can be given to it, confirm the belief that our indigenous people, from the north of Brazil to Mexico, passing through the Antilles, weren\u2019t wrong at all: cassava is a blessing.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Today it constitutes the fourth source of calorie intake for humans, after rice, sugar and corn. Reliable evidence dates back 5,000 years to the beginning of its domestication, and around 500,000,000 people in America, Africa, Asia and Oceania <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.infoagro.com\/hortalizas\/yuca.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">have regularly incorporated it into their diet<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The flour obtained from its roots is an effective substitute for wheat for making breads and sweets. In addition to containing vitamins A, B1, B2 and C, its digestion is faster and its carbohydrates don\u2019t produce glycemic peaks in the blood, something that people with diabetes are especially grateful for.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Currently, the main cassava producers are Nigeria, Thailand, Indonesia, Brazil, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Ghana. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/chacoenlineainforma.com\/la-onu-declara-la-mandioca-como-el-alimento-del-siglo-xxi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to the FAO<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, in 2014 the cassava root harvest on an international scale reached around 270.28 million tons, a figure that could be multiplied several times if the suggestions contained in the \u201cSave to grow\u201d plan, which prescribes the adequate rotation of plantations, preservation of soils with a stable topsoil and little or no use of non-organic fertilizers and pesticides.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An interesting fact is that the Vietnamese are planting the also called manioc with spectacular results. It would not be surprising if, after a few years, that industrious country became one of the world leaders of its exploitation, as it already is in coffee, in which it occupies the second seat as an exporter.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Obviating the benefits of the roots, the other parts of the plant are used, with very good results, in animal feed. In Brazil, from the fermentation of cassava, ethanol is obtained, ethyl alcohol used to replace fossil fuels for motor vehicles.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the same way that there is no universal panacea, that remedy sought by alchemists to eradicate all diseases, there is also no plant that can potentially effectively combat the scourge of hunger, a complex phenomenon that has its origin in the unequal distribution of wealth.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">With proper agronomic practices, cassava can be guaranteed in the markets all year round, something that would come in handy to help shore up the depopulated basic food basket in these times of severe crisis. One more option, not a substitute for other foods that have a preferential place in our culture. That is to say, that although increasing the cultivation of cassava may be a political purpose, the exhortation for its consumption should not become a slogan such as \u201che who does not eat cassava does not love his homeland\u201d or \u201cif cacique Hatuey ate cassava, why not you?\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>In the kitchen<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It can be said without shame that, along with corn, cocoa, potatoes, chili peppers and tomatoes, cassava is one of the most valuable contributions of this area of \u200b\u200bthe world to the international culinary book.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But, despite the fact that it is one of the oldest foods in our archipelago, in Cuba it is not among the preferred root vegetables. Its consumption is relegated to Christmas celebrations, such as fritters and boiled with Cuban-style garlic sauce and sour orange. Outside of this scenario, it can be found fried, like pudding and in dense broths like <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ajiaco<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, a vernacular version of the Spanish meat and vegetable stew.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Out of 50 Cubans surveyed through social networks, aged between 20 and 60, only five expressed their preference for this root vegetable. In contrast, potatoes and taro obtained 15 votes each, followed by plantain (10). The sweet potato was not singled out once, and the squash had the same number of fans as cassava.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As is known, cassava is one of the few crops that came to be dominated by the Arawaks who settled on the islands that are grouped under the name of Cuba. They grated the tuber to obtain the starch that, after being dried over the fire, served as raw material for the production of <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">casabe<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, a kind of very thin bread that is still consumed, although to a limited extent, in the eastern part of the country.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">With the resurgence of private restaurants, traditional gastronomy has been revived for some time now, and menus are including dishes that if not new, at least have been forgotten for decades, such as empanadas, hoy maize drink and casabe. In the case of the drink, it is an adaptation of the Mexican recipe that is made from corn, a bit more blended than the pudding.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Since cassava consumption is widespread in the Americas, it is easy to detect its presence in regional kitchens. Thus, the Brazilian <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">farofa<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the Colombian <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">carima\u00f1ola<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the Costa Rican <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">salteado<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the Bolivian <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">chiv\u00e9<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the Ecuadorian white broth, the yucca with Honduran cassava with pork rinds, the Nicaraguan <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">vigor\u00f3n<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the Paraguayan cassava <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">alfajores<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the Peruvian cassava with apple sauce, the Puerto Rican cassava timbales, the Venezuelan <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">almidoncitos<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and from there on ad nauseam.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>The Bobo de la Yuca<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In 1895 the humor magazine <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">El Bobo<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> appeared in Havana. Some of its articles were signed by El Bobo de la Yuca, apparently a folklore character taken up by Eduardo Abela in 1925 as a symbol of ordinary Cubans, who asked cunning questions about the political and economic situation, and slipped scathing and sharp comments, enveloped in a halo of apparent naivety.<\/span><b>1<\/b><\/p>\n<figure style=\"width: 729px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/bobo-de-abela_ay_Cuba.jpg\" alt=\"El Bobo, by Eduardo Abela.\" width=\"729\" height=\"737\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">El Bobo, by Eduardo Abela.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It was Benny Mor\u00e9 who, in 1949, finished installing such an illustrious character in the collective imagination. On that date he recorded the guaracha by Marcos Perdomo that gives the title to the LP \u201cEl bobo de la yucca.\u201d According to the number, the aforementioned character wanted to get married, and due to lack of skill and ignorance of the complementary sex, he would spend his honeymoon \u201ccomiendo trapo, comiendo papel\u2026.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Cuban musical repertoire is extensive where cassava, a phallic symbol par excellence, is sung with clever mischief. A quick review brings to our memory some pieces: \u201cComo traigo la yuca,\u201d by Arsenio Rodr\u00edguez (also known as \u201cLa yuca de Catalina\u201d), \u201cQuimbomb\u00f3 que resbala,\u201d by Lil\u00ed Mart\u00ednez, \u201cEl puerquito y la yuca,\u201d by Siro Rodr\u00edguez, \u201cLa yuca de Casimiro,\u201d<\/span><b>2<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> by Faustino Oramas, \u201cLucha tu yuca, ta\u00edno,\u201d by Ray Fern\u00e1ndez and \u201cYuca y \u00f1ame,\u201d by Sindo Garay, a composition recorded by the stellar Rita Montaner.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This last number is based on a popular expression nowadays in disuse, used to refer to situations of extreme economic precariousness. Without going any further, right now the thing is that, \u201cyucca and yam,\u201d but, inexplicably, without one or the other.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>***<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Notes<\/b><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> See De Juan, Adelaida. Caricature of the Republic, Havana, 1999.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u201cAll\u00ed llegaron de Oriente \/ veinte muchachas preciosas \/ veinte verdaderas rosas\/ que perfuman el ambiente. \/ Hay una, precisamente\/ la hija de Clodomiro, \/ que al verla lanz\u00f3 un suspiro\/ y dijo de esta manera:\/ \u2018yo s\u00ed que me como entera\/ la yuca de Casimiro\u2019.\u201d<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Considered \u201cfood for the poor,\u201d cassava is a blessing.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3770,"featured_media":227792,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6897],"tags":[11860],"ppma_author":[34037,24282],"class_list":["post-227790","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-science","tag-farming"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is 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