
{"id":243862,"date":"2021-09-20T12:54:32","date_gmt":"2021-09-20T16:54:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/?p=243862"},"modified":"2021-09-20T12:54:32","modified_gmt":"2021-09-20T16:54:32","slug":"neither-sonic-attacks-nor-havana-syndrome-cubas-scientific-refutation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/cuba-usa\/neither-sonic-attacks-nor-havana-syndrome-cubas-scientific-refutation\/","title":{"rendered":"Neither \u201csonic attacks\u201d nor \u201cHavana Syndrome\u201d: Cuba\u2019s scientific refutation"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The story of the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/tag\/sonic-attacks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">mysterious health incidents<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> reported by U.S. diplomats in Cuba and other parts of the world seems to be a never-ending story. Five years after the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/cuba-ee-uu\/eeuu-crea-grupo-incidentes-salud-cuba\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">first documented cases<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the enigma continues, while the map of the unusual events has spread to nations in Europe, Asia and even the United States itself.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The theories about what happened are dissimilar and, in some cases, contradictory, without science having its last say for now. The <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/cuba-usa\/cuban-scientists-refute-the-existence-of-so-called-havana-syndrome\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">investigations carried out<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> have not provided conclusive evidence to date on the cause of the incidents or \u2014 if any \u2014 on their possible perpetrators, while the snowball has not stopped growing fueled by hypotheses and speculations.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Since the initial reports came to light, released by the Trump administration in 2017 as the spearhead of its particular crusade against the island, the media have capitalized on this matter, jumping from one theory to another and giving shape to a narrative that, at this point, is assumed as valid by a great deal of its audience and brandished by U.S. politicians to target \u2014 once again \u2014 traditional nemesis such as Cuba and Russia, and win points (votes) with it.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">That narrative, which quickly focused on the disorders reported as a result of deliberate \u201cattacks,\u201d soon unleashed a crisis between Washington and Havana, which reduced diplomatic representation to a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/cuba-ee-uu\/eeuu-saca-cuba-otros-2-empleados-examinar-salud\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">minimum<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and paralyzed the consular procedures of the United States on the island, gave rise to the expulsion of Cuban officials from the United States, heated the rhetoric on one side and the other, and served as a trigger for the drastic setback in bilateral relations and the successive sanctions of the Trump administration against Cuba.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What at first officials and the media considered the result of <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/tag\/sonic-attacks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201csonic attacks\u201d<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> has since gone through various explanations as the cause of a collection of symptoms that includes dizziness, nausea, hearing loss, migraine, brain injuries, anxiety and fatigue, among others. Such symptoms, although not described as a homogeneous group in all those presumably affected, have been gathered under the label \u201c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/cuba\/is-there-a-havana-syndrome\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Havana Syndrome<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">,\u201d of indisputable media effect and named after the first place where the strange incidents were reported.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Microwaves \u2014 and, above all, a possible weapon with this technology \u2014 are the most mentioned perpetrators in recent times, even handled at the end of 2020 as the \u201cmost plausible mechanism\u201d in a report by the United States Academies of Science, which, however, recognized that \u201cevery possible cause remains within a speculative context.\u201d Something that could be said, at least for the time being, of the rest of the theories.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"kThkoCOzEW\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/cuba-ee-uu\/academia-de-ciencias-de-cuba-discrepa-de-nuevo-informe-de-eeuu-sobre-incidentes-de-salud-en-diplomaticos\/\">Academia de Ciencias de Cuba discrepa de nuevo informe de EEUU sobre incidentes de salud en diplom\u00e1ticos<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"\u00abAcademia de Ciencias de Cuba discrepa de nuevo informe de EEUU sobre incidentes de salud en diplom\u00e1ticos\u00bb \u2014 OnCubaNews\" src=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/cuba-ee-uu\/academia-de-ciencias-de-cuba-discrepa-de-nuevo-informe-de-eeuu-sobre-incidentes-de-salud-en-diplomaticos\/embed\/#?secret=OvUN6b1pLD#?secret=kThkoCOzEW\" data-secret=\"kThkoCOzEW\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In any case, there are already more than 200 Americans \u2014 in addition to a group of <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/world\/canada-suspends-majority-of-consular-services-in-havana\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Canadian<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> diplomats \u2014 who have reported being allegedly affected by the mysterious ailment, and just this Wednesday Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/mundo\/ee-uu\/pentagono-pide-a-sus-efectivos-reportar-sintomas-del-sindrome-de-la-habana\/?amp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">asked in a letter<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to his troops that they report suspicious symptoms and events that could be related to the suspected syndrome and immediately move away from the place where they were experienced.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Cuba\u2019s response<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Since the Pandora\u2019s box of health incidents was opened, the Cuban government has <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/cuba\/el-sindrome-de-la-habana-a-debate-en-cuba\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">emphatically denied<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> any involvement of the island in the events and has reiterated that the allegations to the Caribbean country by U.S. politicians and officials lack scientific foundations and are \u201cpolitically motivated.\u201d In addition, it has been questioned that the reported symptoms are the consequence of any aggression and, even \u2014 supported by the opinion of its own and foreign experts \u2014 that what is documented is a single disorder.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Similarly, the island\u2019s authorities have advocated international collaboration \u2014 and, in particular, with the United States \u2014 in order to resolve the enigma, and they have lamented the impossibility of accessing the affected people and the evidence that the Americans have obtained. reserved for their own investigations.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Even with these limitations, Cuban specialists have carried out their own field studies and analyzes based on known evidence and data and exchanges with scientists from various countries. And, although without having a conclusive answer either, they have refuted the theories that point to possible attacks against diplomats in Havana \u2014 carried out, allowed or unknown by the largest of the Caribbean islands \u2014 and have been in favor of considering other hypotheses referring to psychological factors, mass hysteria, pre-existing clinical conditions and neurotoxins, among others.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The most recent chapter in the Cuban response is the technical report by a committee of experts from the Cuban Academy of Sciences (ACC) <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/cuba-usa\/cuban-scientists-refute-the-existence-of-so-called-havana-syndrome\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">released<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> this week. The document, prepared by specialists from various scientific branches \u2014 such as neurophysiology, biophysics, bioengineering, otorhinolaryngology, epidemiology, toxicology, psychology and psychiatry, among others \u2014 is based on research carried out on the island and the analysis of everything published and debated on the subject so far and seeks to dismantle the narrative of the \u201cmysterious syndrome.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Although they acknowledge that they lack \u201ccritical information\u201d \u2014 referring to data and testimonies held by the United States to which they have not had access \u2014 the island\u2019s experts claim to offer in their report \u201cplausible interpretations that better fit the available facts than the story of the \u2018mystery syndrome\u2019,\u201d and they conclude that said narrative should not be accepted as an \u201cestablished truth\u201d because \u201cit is not scientifically acceptable in any of its components\u201d and \u201cit has only survived due to a biased use of science,\u201d in which \u201cdissenting views have been suppressed and published evidence selected to reinforce the narrative.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"x4veKOIzX3\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/cuba\/is-there-a-havana-syndrome\/\">Is there a \u201cHavana Syndrome\u201d?<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Is there a \u201cHavana Syndrome\u201d?&#8221; &#8212; OnCubaNews English\" src=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/cuba\/is-there-a-havana-syndrome\/embed\/#?secret=kRLymazVDC#?secret=x4veKOIzX3\" data-secret=\"x4veKOIzX3\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Cuban specialists do not deny that U.S. officials and their families may have felt ill while they were located in Havana, and they sympathize with them, but they do not support that what happened is the result of unknown attacks or syndromes, theories amplified by the media and some politicians. They claim that the United States\u2019 own scientific and official reports discard \u201cmost of the claims that apparently support the narrative\u201d and call for \u201cfinding simpler and less esoteric explanations to get closer to the truth.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cGiven that we recognize that there are people who have felt ill, we believe that it is ethically imperative to dispel wild conspiracy theories and the erroneous attribution of symptoms to explanations that defy the laws of physics,\u201d assert the Cuban experts in the conclusions of their report, in which they say they are willing to revise their approaches \u201cif new evidence emerges\u201d and invite \u201cefforts to refute their interpretations in a climate of open scientific collaboration.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>The Cuban refutation in six points<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to the island\u2019s experts, the predominant narrative around the so-called \u201cHavana Syndrome\u201d assumes that the described symptoms and events have been caused by \u201cattacks with an unidentified energy weapon.\u201d This perspective, they say, is based on six \u201cunverified\u201d and interconnected statements. They are:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1- A novel syndrome with shared central symptoms and signs is present in the affected employees.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2- It is possible to detect brain damage in these employees originating during their stay in Havana.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3- There is a source of directed energy that could affect people\u2019s brains from great distances after crossing the physical barriers of homes or hotel rooms.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4- A weapon capable of generating said physical agent is feasible and identified.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">5- Evidence was discovered that an attack occurred.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">6- The available tests rule out alternative medical explanations.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cuban specialists refuted each of these statements, based on the analysis of the data, studies and publications in their possession. Although developed more fully in the body of the report, the scientists\u2019 arguments are synthesized in their conclusions, and as such we offer them below.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"Da12lxy3BN\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/cuba-ee-uu\/sigue-el-misterio-del-sindrome-de-la-habana-el-gobierno-de-eeuu-lanza-amplia-investigacion\/\">Sigue el misterio del \u201cS\u00edndrome de La Habana\u201d: el gobierno de EEUU lanza amplia investigaci\u00f3n<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"\u00abSigue el misterio del \u201cS\u00edndrome de La Habana\u201d: el gobierno de EEUU lanza amplia investigaci\u00f3n\u00bb \u2014 OnCubaNews\" src=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/cuba-ee-uu\/sigue-el-misterio-del-sindrome-de-la-habana-el-gobierno-de-eeuu-lanza-amplia-investigacion\/embed\/#?secret=nWkVrsTbrm#?secret=Da12lxy3BN\" data-secret=\"Da12lxy3BN\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Regarding the first statement in the narrative, the ACC\u2019s committee of experts concluded that \u201cit is possible that some U.S. employees while stationed in Havana felt ill due to a heterogeneous collection of medical conditions, some pre-existing before going to Cuba \u2014 for example, ear trauma due to military service \u2015, and others acquired due to common causes such as age-related diseases, head injuries due to sports activities and stress, among many other possibilities.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thus, in their opinion, \u201ca heterogeneous group of people erroneously attributed their symptoms to a common external cause,\u201d an idea \u2014 that of a non-homogeneous set of cases \u2014 which, they say, is also implicit in reports published in this regard by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine (NASEM) of the United States.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Regarding the second point, they affirm that \u201conly a minority of these cases present notable cerebral dysfunctions, the majority due to conditions pre-existing their stay in Havana \u2015 caused by naturally acquired and prevalent diseases or by head trauma \u2015, and others due to the aforementioned functional neurological disorders.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This argument is supported by the fact that \u201cthe international scientific community and the NASEM report dismiss most of the evidence presented to affirm the existence of generalized brain damage in U.S. employees,\u201d while pointing out that \u201cother diseases prevalent in the general population can explain most of the symptoms.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Regarding the possible use of an energy source directed from long distances, Cuban specialists assert that \u201cno known form of energy can selectively cause brain damage \u2014 with a precision similar to a laser beam \u2014 under the conditions described for the alleged Havana incidents.\u201d \u201cThe laws of physics governing sound, ultrasound, infrasound or radio frequency waves (including microwaves),\u201d they point out, \u201cdo not allow this, as recognized by U.S. and international experts.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In this regard, they point out that \u201cthese forms of energy could not have damaged brains without being felt or heard by others, without disturbing electronic devices in the case of microwaves, or without causing other injuries, such as ruptured eardrums or skin burns.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"EySGLN0jEj\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/cuba-ee-uu\/acuerdan-compensacion-financiera-para-victimas-del-supuesto-sindrome-de-la-habana\/\">Acuerdan compensaci\u00f3n financiera para v\u00edctimas del supuesto \u201cS\u00edndrome de La Habana\u201d<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"\u00abAcuerdan compensaci\u00f3n financiera para v\u00edctimas del supuesto \u201cS\u00edndrome de La Habana\u201d\u00bb \u2014 OnCubaNews\" src=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/cuba-ee-uu\/acuerdan-compensacion-financiera-para-victimas-del-supuesto-sindrome-de-la-habana\/embed\/#?secret=VmN3pe4KKw#?secret=EySGLN0jEj\" data-secret=\"EySGLN0jEj\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Closely related to the above, on the fourth statement that the experts refute, they affirm that \u201calthough there are weapons that use sound to disperse crowds, or microwaves to deactivate drones,\u201d these \u201care large and there is no possibility that they go unnoticed, or leave a trace, if they had been deployed in Havana.\u201d In addition, they add, \u201cthey cannot produce the selective effects of people described in the alleged incidents.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Regarding the possible existence of evidence that the affected persons have been victims of deliberate aggression, the ACC committee confirms that \u201cneither the Cuban Police, nor the FBI, nor the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, have discovered evidence of \u2018attacks\u2019 against diplomats in Havana despite intensive investigations.\u201d Meanwhile, they maintain that \u201cit is not possible to rule out the psychogenic and toxic explanations of many symptoms in some cases without further investigation\u201d and explain that \u201cspecifically, all the conditions for the psychogenic spread of discomfort were present in this episode.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Regarding this last refutation, that of the sixth point of the narrative of the \u201cmysterious syndrome,\u201d the Cuban researchers exemplify what may have happened through a scenario in which initially, and \u201cfor whatever reason,\u201d some individuals believed that they were being \u201cattacked\u201d by \u201csonic weapons.\u201d Based on that point, they note, \u201can environment that fostered the amplification of symptoms and their misattribution to unlikely causes, along with a psychogenic spread of worry and the development of functional neurological disorders,\u201d may have been created.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This environment, they analyze, may have been sustained thanks to factors such as \u201can inadequate initial medical response, the initial U.S. government official support of an \u2018attack\u2019 theory, and sensationalist media coverage, among other causes.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Based on all the foregoing, the ACC rejects the acceptance as an axiom that there have been attacks in the Cuban capital, causing the conditions reported by U.S. officials, and, consequently, affirms that \u201cit is time to rethink the narrative\u201d about these events. In addition, \u201cit reiterates its willingness to collaborate with the NASEM and with any other American or international counterpart, with the aim of better understanding the health incidents of diplomats and their families in Havana or elsewhere.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, beyond the validity of the Cuban scientists\u2019 approaches and their collaborative will in order to \u201calleviate the suffering of the affected people,\u201d their technical report does not aspire to be the conclusive chapter of this story. New investigations, hypotheses and debates could appear on the horizon in the coming months in search of deciphering the enigma of the mysterious incidents, which, moreover, have already transcended Cuban borders. The saga, therefore, promises to continue.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A report by a committee of experts from the Cuban Academy of Sciences seeks to dismantle the \u201cmystery syndrome\u201d narrative amplified by the U.S. media and politicians.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3261,"featured_media":243864,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[13944],"tags":[14891,34394,23811],"ppma_author":[33550],"class_list":["post-243862","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cuba-usa","tag-cuba-usa-relations","tag-havana-syndrome","tag-sonic-attacks"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Neither \u201csonic attacks\u201d nor \u201cHavana Syndrome\u201d: Cuba\u2019s scientific 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