{"id":247368,"date":"2021-12-24T13:40:00","date_gmt":"2021-12-24T18:40:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/?p=247368"},"modified":"2021-12-24T13:40:00","modified_gmt":"2021-12-24T18:40:00","slug":"family-code-a-guide-for-debate-i","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/cuba\/family-code-a-guide-for-debate-i\/","title":{"rendered":"Family Code, a guide for debate (I)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">After concluding the Eighth Ordinary Period of Sessions of the National Assembly of People\u2019s Power, in its 9th Legislature, we are at the gates of the popular consultation on the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/tag\/family-code\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Family Code<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Debates, reflections and dissimilar proposals have arisen around this issue, as well as speculations and affirmations that do not adhere to the letter or spirit of the document.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To debate the Code, we must know its contents or at least promote a general approach to them. It is important, as well as useful, to discuss the draft, from its own articles.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">With the intention of contributing to the informed debate process, we propose a route to read the document, we write down some of its contents, and we present specific articles where we can read some of the most discussed issues.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>What content does it really include?<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Works on quality and not only on the forms of our family relationships.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Establishes content that challenges unworthy treatment, exclusion, violence, and lack of protection.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Provides for the inclusion, recognition and acceptance of all forms of relationships that enhance human dignity.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Promulgates that family relationships are governed, among others, by the principles of equality and non-discrimination, plurality, responsibility and higher interests.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Highlights the rights and guarantees of children and adolescents, the elderly, people with disabilities, people from the LGBTIQ+ community, people who are victims of violence (mostly women).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Assumes the same value, recognition and protection for all types of families, both in the form of marriage and in that of a de facto affective union. One type of family does not prevail over others.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Refers that all forms of union voluntarily agreed between two people who share a life project in common will be based on affection and love.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Promulgates that family duties are exercised on \u201cthe basis of love, affection, consideration, solidarity, fraternity, cooperation, responsibility and mutual respect.\u201d<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">States the right of every person to form and live as a family; the right to full equality in filiation matters, to have the free development of personality, privacy and the project of personal and family life respected; the right of girls, boys and adolescents according to their progressive autonomy; the right of women to a balanced use of time; the right to the full development of sexual and reproductive health for all people, as well as to education on reproduction and family planning; the right to protection of maternity and paternity; the right to a family life free of violence in any of its manifestations.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Refers to parental co-responsibility towards sons and daughters: legally represent them and manage their assets; exercise their custody and care, love them and provide emotional stability, contribute to the free development of their personality; educate them through positive, non-violent and participatory forms of parenting; maintain permanent and meaningful family communication in their lives; listen to them and allow them to express and defend their criteria, as well as participate in decision-making at home according to their age and mental and emotional maturity; promote an attitude of respect towards the equality of people, non-discrimination for any reason.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Privileges the possibility of joint custody and care of daughters and sons.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Recognizes in grandparents and other blood or related relatives, the right to family communication with minors, which includes all types of oral or written communication, including through technological means.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Makes explicit the treatment of matters such as assisted reproductive techniques and solidarity gestation. Recognizes and regulates the conditions, scope and limits of both, in a clear exercise of opening the right to a plurality of options.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Notes the various forms of filiation, such as a legal relationship of a family nature, which is established as a result of procreation, adoption, or the will of people through assisted reproduction techniques, under which the status of \u201cson\u201d or \u201cdaughter\u201d and that of \u201cfather\u201d or \u201cmother\u201d is set.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The character of the filiation includes: \u201crelated father and mother\u201d; \u201cblood relationship\u201d; \u201ckinship by affinity\u201d; \u201csocio-emotional kinship\u201d; \u201cemotionally-close people.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The term \u201cparental\u201d refers to the capacities, competencies and functions developed in the process of caring for, socializing, and educating children, which combines the biological and the psychosocial. This word replaces the institution of \u201ccustody\u201d and goes over the difference between motherhood and fatherhood by granting an equivalent position to those who develop the same educational practices.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It states \u201cfamily or intra-family violence,\u201d which refers to any form of abuse or mistreatment that occurs between the members of a family (physical, mental, moral, sexual, economic or patrimonial), and implies an imbalance of power that it is exercised from the strongest to the weakest.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Recognizes the figure of caregivers, describes duties, rights and ways of protection.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"T0i5Gb8EBT\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/cuba\/families-on-good-terms\/\">Families on good terms<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Families on good terms&#8221; &#8212; OnCubaNews English\" src=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/cuba\/families-on-good-terms\/embed\/#?secret=3wU51moaxp#?secret=T0i5Gb8EBT\" data-secret=\"T0i5Gb8EBT\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><b>How to order the reading of the Code?<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To advance in its understanding we must know that the text is divided into Titles, Chapters, Sections and Articles. We share here some of them to suggest a reading of the Code ordered by themes and interests:<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.parlamentocubano.gob.cu\/wp-content\/uploads\/C%C3%B3digo-de-las-Familias.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>DRAFT FAMILY CODE (VERSION 23<\/b><\/a> <b>&#8211; Date: 11\/11\/2021)<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>TITLE I. PRELIMINARY PROVISIONS<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 2. Recognition of families.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 3. Governing principles.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 4. Rights of people in the family environment.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 5. Rights of children and adolescents in the family environment.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 6. Right of girls, boys and adolescents not to be separated from their mothers, fathers and family.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 7. Best interests of girls, boys and adolescents.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 8. Role of grandmothers, grandfathers, other relatives and emotionally close people.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>TITLE II. ON DISCRIMINATION AND VIOLENCE AND FAMILY ENVIRONMENT<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 12. Scope of discrimination in the family environment.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 13. Scope of family violence.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 14. Urgent matters regarding family violence.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 15. Liability for damages derived from violence and discrimination in the family environment.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>TITLE III. RELATIONSHIP AND THE LEGAL OBLIGATION TO GIVE FOOD<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 16. Relationship, general scope.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Article 17. Sources of kinship.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Article 18. Kinship by consanguinity.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Article 19. Kinship by adoption.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Article 20. Kinship by affinity.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 21. Socio-affective relationship.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>CHAPTER I. ON THE LEGAL FOOD OBLIGATION\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 45. Right of communication between relatives.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 46. Family communication with people with disabilities.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 47. Duty to facilitate communication between relatives and measures to adopt for their assurance.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>TITLE IV. ON FILIATION<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 48. Filiation equality.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Article 51. Effects of filiation.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 52. Proof of filiation.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 54. Intervention of support for people with disabilities.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 55. Double filiation bond.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 56. Exceptionality of multiparentality and sources.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Article 57. Judicial recognition of multiparentality.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>CHAPTER II. ON FILIATION BY NATURAL PROCREATION<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>CHAPTER III. ON ADOPTIVE FILIATION<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>THIRD SECTION. ON ADOPTION BY INTEGRATION<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>CHAPTER IV. ON ASSISTED FILIATION<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 116. Principles governing the determination of assisted filiation.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 119. Gametes of third parties.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>FOURTH SECTION. ON SOLIDARITY GESTATION<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 129. Judicial authorization for solidarity gestation.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>TITLE V. ON PARENTAL RELATIONSHIPS<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 132. Scope of parental responsibility.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 134. Content of parental responsibility.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 141. Voluntary delegation of the exercise of parental responsibility.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 142. Prohibition of inappropriate forms of discipline.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>SECOND SECTION. ON PARENTAL RESPONSIBILITY IN DIGITAL ENVIRONMENTS<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 143. Right to a digital environment free of violence.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 144. Balanced and responsible use in digital environments.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>THIRD SECTION. ON THE DUTIES OF DAUGHTERS AND SONS WITH RESPECT TO THEIR MOTHERS AND FATHERS AND OTHER ASCENDANTS<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Article 145. Duties of minor daughters and sons.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Article 146. Duties of the daughters and sons of legal age.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>CHAPTER II. ON CUSTODY AND CARE AND ON FAMILY COMMUNICATION REGIME<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 147. Modalities of custody and care.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 151. Prohibition of custody and care for violence.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>SECTION TWO. ON FAMILY COMMUNICATION<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 153. Family communication regime with daughters and sons with disabilities.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 154. Regime of family communication with daughters and sons in a situation of internment in a state institution by administrative or judicial decision.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 156. Right of grandmothers, grandfathers and other relatives.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 165. Custody and temporary care in favor of grandparents and other relatives or people.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>CHAPTER IV. ON DUTIES AND RIGHTS OF MOTHERS AND RELATED FATHERS REGARDING RELATED DAUGHTERS AND SONS<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Article 176. Related mother or father.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 177. Duties of related mother or father.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 178. Delegation of parental responsibility to the related mother or father.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 182. Regime of communication and custody and care in favor of the related mother or father through the courts.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>TITLE VI. ON MARRIAGE<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 197. Marriage.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>CHAPTER IV. THE ECONOMIC REGIME OF MARRIAGE<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>SECOND SECTION. ON MARRIAGE COVENANTS<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>CHAPTER V. REGIME OF MARRIAGE COMMUNITY OF ASSETS<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>CHAPTER VI. ON REGIME OF SEPARATION OF ASSETS<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>\u00a0CHAPTER VII. ON MIXED REGIME<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>TITLE VII. ON DE FACTO AFFECTIVE UNION<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>CHAPTER II. ON COEXISTENCE AGREEMENTS<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>CHAPTER III. ON JUDICIAL RECOGNITION OF DE FACTO AFFECTIVE UNION\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 309. Judicial recognition of the de facto affective union in life of the members of the couple.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 310. Judicial recognition of the de facto affective union after the death of one or both members of the couple.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 312. Recognition of rights in favor of the member in good faith.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>TITLE VIII. ON OTHER CARE AND PROTECTION INSTITUTIONS IN THE FAMILY ENVIRONMENT<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>CHAPTER I. COMMON PROVISION FOR DE FACTO CUSTODY AND FOSTERING CARE<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>CHAPTER III. ON FOSTERING CARE<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>CHAPTER VI. ON GUARDIANSHIP<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Article 381. Plural guardianship.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Article 382. Probate guardianship.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 385. Special guardianships.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 386. Legal guardianship.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>CHAPTER VII. ON FAMILY CAREGIVERS<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 411. Respect for autonomy and dignity.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Article 412. Prohibition of violence.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Article 413. Training.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Article 414. Rights.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>TITLE IX. ON THE ELDERLY AND ON PEOPLE IN A SITUATION OF DISABILITIES IN THE SOCIO-FAMILY ENVIRONMENT<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>CHAPTER I. ON THE ELDERLY IN THE SOCIAL FAMILY ENVIRONMENT<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 417. Right to family life with dignity.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 418. Right to autonomous and independent life.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 419. Right to choose place of residence.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 420. Right to family life free of violence.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 421. Right to an accessible environment.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Article 424. Right to participation and social and family inclusion.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Article 425. Duties of the elderly towards their family.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 426. Duties of families towards older adults.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>CHAPTER II. ON PEOPLE IN A SITUATION OF DISABILITIES IN THE SOCIAL FAMILY ENVIRONMENT<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 430. Right to family life with dignity.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 433. Right to habilitation and rehabilitation.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 434. Sexual and reproductive rights.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 437. Duties of families towards interned persons with disabilities.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>TITLE X. ON MEDIATION AND FAMILY ADVOCACY<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>CHAPTER I. FAMILY MEDIATION<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 441. Guiding principles.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Article 444. Specialized participation.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Article 446. Application of the rules of mediation to family conciliation.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>CHAPTER II. ON FAMILY OMBUDSMANSHIP<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>TITLE XI. RULES OF INTERNATIONAL PRIVATE FAMILY LAW<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We must assume the proposals and debates on the Code from our responsibility as citizens, in commitment to human dignity.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We have ahead of us the moment of popular consultation and the referendum to vote the law. Opportunities also to take part in the dispute of the senses of which we are part within Cuban society, and of which the Family Code is a significant episode.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">***<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><em>Note<\/em>: This is the first of a series of articles that we will publish on <\/span><b>OnCuba<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in order to offer tools that help to understand and assess the complexity of the issues addressed in this draft that will be submitted to a referendum next year in Cuba.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In this series, the author will address the fundamental contents of Cuba\u2019s draft Family Code.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3215,"featured_media":247371,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[13902],"tags":[14908,15001,34358],"ppma_author":[33841],"class_list":["post-247368","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cuba","tag-cuban-constitution","tag-cuban-family","tag-family-code"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Family Code, a guide for debate (I) | OnCubaNews English<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"In this series, the author will address the fundamental contents of Cuba\u2019s draft Family Code.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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