{"id":266976,"date":"2023-03-20T21:14:44","date_gmt":"2023-03-21T01:14:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/?p=266976"},"modified":"2023-03-20T21:14:44","modified_gmt":"2023-03-21T01:14:44","slug":"team-cuba-of-the-traditional-trova","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/culture\/music-culture\/team-cuba-of-the-traditional-trova\/","title":{"rendered":"Team Cuba of the traditional trova"},"content":{"rendered":"

In the midst of the baseball euphoria for the Cuban performance in the <\/span>World Classic<\/b><\/a>, another important cultural expression of the island has a well-deserved celebration this Sunday. The <\/span>trova<\/span><\/i>, consecrated just a few months ago as<\/span> Intangible Heritage of the nation<\/b><\/a>, today celebrates the day dedicated to its exponents. To the men and women who, with their guitar and voice, have contributed to the soul of Cuba for more than a century.<\/span><\/p>\n

Every March 19, the Day of the Cuban Trovador is commemorated with all justice. The date pays homage to Jos\u00e9 \u201cPepe\u201d S\u00e1nchez, that Santiago tailor who, without knowing musical writing, became a pioneer of <\/span>trova<\/span><\/i> music on the island and author of the first bolero: \u201cTristezas.\u201d In his honor, an important festival is organized in Santiago de Cuba, which <\/span>is already in its 60th edition<\/b><\/a> and on this day pays tribute to him and the other singers who rest in the Santa Ifigenia cemetery, with concerts and other activities, such as the so-called \u201cTrail of the trovadores.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Pepe S\u00e1nchez illuminated a path that many have followed with their guitars up to the present day. And although <\/span>the <\/b>trova<\/i><\/b><\/a>, like life, has logically evolved over time, and has also drawn on other sounds and influences, it still retains the connection with its founders. It maintains the creative breath and the bohemian spirit of those who went singing from bar to bar, from caf\u00e9 to caf\u00e9 and composed the same at sunset as at dawn, inspired by the captivating shine of some eyes, or the perfidy of some lips that treacherously wounded their hearts.<\/span><\/p>\n

The traditional <\/span>trova<\/span><\/i>, that of Pepe S\u00e1nchez, his contemporaries and followers, is the germ of everything that would come later, currents and movements such as Filin, <\/span>\u00a0<\/span>New Song Movement<\/b><\/a> and Very New Song Movement. Without its poetic lyrics and evocative melodies, the rich tradition of Cuban songwriting, the work of relevant singer-songwriters such as C\u00e9sar Portillo de la Luz, Martha Vald\u00e9s, Silvio Rodr\u00edguez, <\/span>Pablo Milan\u00e9s<\/b><\/a> and Noel Nicola, could not be understood.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nor that of L\u00e1zaro Garc\u00eda, Augusto Blanca, Jos\u00e9 Aquiles, Gerardo Alfonso and <\/span>Santiago Feli\u00fa, among many others.<\/span><\/p>\n

Taking advantage of the current baseball enthusiasm, and as a tribute to the Day of the Trovador, I propose to put together a Team Cuba of the traditional <\/span>trova<\/span><\/i>, a nine of essential figures from those early days who deserve to be forever at the altar of <\/span>Cuban culture<\/b><\/a>. I resist, however, the temptation to call them Team Asere, so as not to provoke the fury of the purists \u2014 although I suspect that many of those <\/span>trovadores<\/span><\/i>, town people, after all, would not mind the term \u2014, and I appeal to a possible batting order, rather than supposed defensive positions, because I don\u2019t imagine them waiting for the hits of others, but wood in hand, or better, guitar at the ready, connecting musical extra-base hits.<\/span><\/p>\n

This is my lineup, but yours could very well be different.<\/span><\/p>\n

1st bat:<\/b> Due to his role as a precursor of the Cuban <\/span>trova<\/span><\/i>, the leading man in the lineup cannot be other than Pepe S\u00e1nchez himself (1856-1918). Born in the Los Hoyos neighborhood of Santiago, he promoted <\/span>trova<\/span><\/i> composition with his bolero \u201cTristezas\u201d \u2014 also known as \u201cTristeza\u201d or \u201cMe entristeces, mujer\u201d \u2014 and other works such as \u201cElvira,\u201d \u201cCristinita,\u201d \u201cRosa,\u201d \u201cHimno a Maceo\u201d and \u201cCuba libre.\u201d Even without musical training, he was also a guitarist, singer, promoter of gatherings and serenades, mentor to other trovadores and founder of several groups. Without him, the history of this genre and of Cuban music in general could not be written.<\/span><\/p>\n

2nd bat:<\/b> For this key turn in a lineup, I choose Rosendo Ruiz (1885-1983), also from Santiago. It is not for nothing that he is considered one of the four greats of traditional <\/span>trova<\/span><\/i> and one of the most prolific trovadores of his time. Among his many works are \u201cVenganza de amor,\u201d \u201cEntre mares y arenas,\u201d \u201cDos lindas rosas,\u201d \u201cFalso juramento,\u201d \u201cRedenci\u00f3n\u201d and \u201cTe quiero as\u00ed.\u201d From beginning to play on a rustic palm-bark guitar, he became a teacher of that instrument and wrote a <\/span>M\u00e9todo de estudios pr\u00e1cticos<\/span><\/i>. In addition, he founded trios and quartets, and was the father of Rosendo Ruiz Quevedo, also a musician and composer.<\/span><\/p>\n

3rd bat:<\/b> In the turn that many assign to the best batter of a team, there is no other name than Gumersindo Garay (1867-1868). Since he is the ace of this nine-bat lineup, a genius who without knowing writing or music theory was able to compose more than 600 works and create harmonies that still amaze. Bohemian, joker, night owl, adventurer, his long life is enough for a novel and his music has assured posterity. No catalog of Cuban <\/span>trova<\/span><\/i> and song can do without creations such as \u201cPerla Marina,\u201d \u201cTardes grises,\u201d \u201cAmargas verdades,\u201d \u201cRetorna,\u201d \u201cGuarina\u201d and \u201cMujer bayamesa.\u201d His was a great average.<\/span><\/p>\n

4th bat:<\/b> If Sindo is the team\u2019s third bat, then the fourth is Manuel Corona (1880-1950). This couple is the stuff of legend. Like Garay from Santiago, Corona from Las Villas has several of the most praised and popular works of traditional <\/span>trova<\/span><\/i>. His compositions with a woman\u2019s name are particularly famous: \u201cMercedes,\u201d \u201cAurora,\u201d \u201cSanta Cecilia\u201d and, first and foremost, \u201cLongina,\u201d perhaps the longest home run of all the old trovadores. But to those hits we should add others such as \u201cDoble inconsciencia\u201d \u201cConfesi\u00f3n a mi guitarra\u201d and his also well-known musical responses to songs by other authors. A true slugger.<\/span><\/p>\n

5th bat:<\/b> To cover Corona\u2019s back, no one better than the last of the four greats of traditional <\/span>trova<\/span><\/i>: Alberto Villal\u00f3n (1882-1955). Born in Santiago de Cuba, he wrote his first song at the age of 14 and since then he composed hundreds of works. Unlike most trovadores, he could read music and had a good cultural background thanks to his well-off position. \u201cLa palma,\u201d \u201cBoda negra,\u201d \u201cA Mart\u00ed,\u201d \u201cMe da miedo quererte\u201d and \u201cYo reir\u00e9 cuando t\u00fa llores,\u201d are among his most popular songs. He was also a notorious guitarist and, as if that were not enough, he was among the founders of Ignacio Pi\u00f1eiro\u2019s Sexteto Nacional.<\/span><\/p>\n

6th bat:<\/b> If the eastern part of the island was the cradle of great trovadores, the center of Cuba is not far behind and there is Miguel Companioni (1881-1965) to prove it. The man born in Sancti Sp\u00edritus could well be the fourth player in this team due to his prolific life. He was a born hitter. He was not intimidated by losing his vision as a child and became an excellent guitarist, in addition to mastering other instruments. Among his works, which exceed 300, the classic \u201cMujer perjura\u201d stands out, but to this we should add titles such as \u201cLa lira rota,\u201d \u201cPor qu\u00e9 lati\u00f3 mi coraz\u00f3n,\u201d \u201cEstrella matutina,\u201d \u201cAmelia\u201d and \u201cEsther.\u201d Sancti Sp\u00edritus\u2019 Casa de la Trova deservedly bears his name.<\/span><\/p>\n

7th bat:<\/b> From Sancti Sp\u00edritus is also \u00c1ngel Rafael G\u00f3mez (1889-1971), another who would well deserve a more prominent position in the lineup. If his name doesn\u2019t ring a bell, don\u2019t be surprised. No one knows him that way, except as \u201cTeofilito,\u201d the bard of \u201cPensamiento,\u201d undoubtedly one of the greatest homers of traditional <\/span>trova<\/span><\/i>. His work, however, treasures many more titles of various genres, such as \u201cPienso en ti,\u201d \u201cYo no sab\u00eda,\u201d \u201cEsfuerzos nulos\u201d and \u201cSi volvieras a m\u00ed.\u201d He studied music as a child and learned to play various instruments. And he not only stood out as a trovador; he was part of the Municipal Band, founded a French brass band and directed Coros de Clave.<\/span><\/p>\n

8th<\/b> bat:<\/b> In a world dominated by men, Mar\u00eda Teresa Vera (1895-1965) shone in her own right. Her inclusion in this lineup does not seek to comply with gender quotas or anything similar, but to recognize one of the most notable trajectories of Cuban <\/span>trova<\/span><\/i>. She was a member of quartets, sextets and other groups, but it was her duets, particularly with Rafael Zequeira and Lorenzo Hierrezuelo, which established her in the trovador world. Extraordinary guitarist and singer, she defended with her voice songs by many authors and also hers, but none would achieve more fame than her immortal \u201cVeinte a\u00f1os,\u201d with lyrics by Guillermina Aramburo.<\/span><\/p>\n

9th bat:<\/b> Not for closing this lineup, the trovador imprint of Patricio Ballagas (1879-1920) is less. \u201cEl Camag\u00fceyano,\u201d as his friends used to call him in reference to the province he came from, is one of the leading figures of that time, and despite his early death, he left a recognizable mark on the way he composed and played the guitar. He formed part of duets, trios and other formations. He was one of the most celebrated guitarists of his time, and as a composer, he introduced countersinging or counterpoint to give greater prominence to the second voice. Among his works, \u201cTimidez,\u201d \u201cCuanto reniego,\u201d \u201cYo te vi como las flores\u201d and \u201cEl trovador\u201d stand out.<\/span><\/p>\n

No ball team is complete without a good bench, without guys who can pinch-hit at a crunch time or take the lead if the starters slump. And, fortunately, the traditional <\/span>trova<\/span><\/i> Team Cuba does not lack excellent hitters to wield the guitar at the right time.<\/span><\/p>\n

At the risk of fueling the controversy, I am going to start this list with Miguel Matamoros (1894-1971). He is recognized more as a <\/span>sonero<\/span><\/i>, but that both as a composer and with his famous trio \u2014 together with the equally great Siro Rodr\u00edguez and Rafel Cueto \u2014 he deserved more than enough to even be included in the starting lineup. It is enough to hear themes of the poetry of \u201cJuramento,\u201d \u201cReclamo m\u00edstico,\u201d \u201cL\u00e1grimas negras\u201d and \u201cMariposita de primavera,\u201d to immediately send him to the batting box.<\/span><\/p>\n

But Don Miguel will not be alone in the dugout. In order not to make the list too long, I am going to leave at five the names that will keep the famous author of \u201cSon de la loma\u201d and \u201cDulce embeleso\u201d company. In no order of distinction, I then sit at his side Eusebio Delf\u00edn (1893-1965) from Cienfuegos. Composer of that classic that is \u201c\u00bfY t\u00fa qu\u00e9 has hecho?\u201d \u2014 also known as \u201cEn el tronco de un \u00e1rbol.\u201d And Havana\u2019s Oscar Hern\u00e1ndez (1891-1967), Corona\u2019s partner, to whom we owe two indisputable hits of the <\/span>trova<\/span><\/i>: \u201cElla y yo\u201d and \u201cRosa roja.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Also Emiliano Blez (1879-1973) from Santiago, \u201cEl Decano,\u201d a disciple of Pepe S\u00e1nchez and a great friend of Sindo, with whom he performed on many occasions. Blez was the author of songs such as \u201cAmoroso idilio,\u201d \u201cCoraz\u00f3n de fuego\u201d and \u201cDue\u00f1a eres, mujer, de mis amores.\u201d As well as his countryman Salvador Adams (1894-1971), who played with Matamoros himself and other greats of yesteryear. Adams left such significant titles as \u201cSublime Illusion\u201d for posterity.<\/span><\/p>\n

Finally, the least known but no less important Jos\u00e9 \u201cPepe\u201d Figarola (1893-1977), for many the best primo singer of the traditional Santiago <\/span>trova<\/span><\/i>, who joined groups with Pepe S\u00e1nchez and Emiliano Blez, among other trovadores, and in whose voice songs by these and other authors became popular, as well as his own, such as \u201cUn beso en el alma.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Taking advantage of the current baseball enthusiasm, and as a tribute to the Day of the Trovador, I propose putting together a Team Cuba of the traditional trova.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3261,"featured_media":266978,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[13923],"tags":[14947,6223],"ppma_author":[33550],"class_list":["post-266976","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-music-culture","tag-cuban-baseball","tag-trova-tradition"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nTeam Cuba of the traditional trova | OnCubaNews English<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Taking advantage of the current baseball enthusiasm, and as a tribute to the Day of the Trovador, I propose putting together a Team Cuba of the traditional trova.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, 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trova.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/culture\/music-culture\/team-cuba-of-the-traditional-trova\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/culture\/music-culture\/team-cuba-of-the-traditional-trova\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/culture\/music-culture\/team-cuba-of-the-traditional-trova\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/cuatro-grandes-trova-1.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/cuatro-grandes-trova-1.jpg","width":1146,"height":765,"caption":"The so-called four greats of the traditional Cuban trova. From left to right: Rosendo Ruiz, Manuel Corona, Sindo Garay and Alberto Villal\u00f3n. Photo: Pepe S\u00e1nchez Casa de la Trova\/Facebook."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/culture\/music-culture\/team-cuba-of-the-traditional-trova\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Portada","item":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Team Cuba of the traditional trova"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/","name":"OnCubaNews English","description":"Revista sobre Cuba","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/ab0162526e61405906a4732727689ef7","name":"Eric Caraballoso","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/Eric-Caraballosa_avatar_1442265168-96x96.jpg78fa763b15fce7416ea24dbfe94bf6e6","url":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/Eric-Caraballosa_avatar_1442265168-96x96.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/Eric-Caraballosa_avatar_1442265168-96x96.jpg","caption":"Eric Caraballoso"},"url":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/author\/eric-caraballoso\/"}]}},"authors":[{"term_id":33550,"user_id":3261,"is_guest":0,"slug":"eric-caraballoso","display_name":"Eric Caraballoso","avatar_url":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/Eric-Caraballosa_avatar_1442265168-96x96.jpg","0":null,"1":"","2":"","3":"","4":"","5":"","6":"","7":"","8":""}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/266976","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3261"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=266976"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/266976\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":266979,"href":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/266976\/revisions\/266979"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/266978"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=266976"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=266976"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=266976"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=266976"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}