
{"id":290333,"date":"2023-10-18T19:59:32","date_gmt":"2023-10-18T23:59:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/?p=290333"},"modified":"2023-10-19T11:28:13","modified_gmt":"2023-10-19T15:28:13","slug":"whos-going-to-sell-dollars-to-msmes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/cuba\/economy\/cuban-economy\/whos-going-to-sell-dollars-to-msmes\/","title":{"rendered":"Who\u2019s going to sell dollars to MSMEs?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201c900 ml oil container. 30,000 bottles 500 CUP each bottle in cash, only CUP, no transfer accepted.\u201d The Facebook groups of Cuban MSMEs are full of <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/groups\/1025387352189473\/permalink\/1237189714342568\/?app=fbl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>ads<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">like this, which daily report on the numerous containers imported by the \u201cnew forms of management,\u201d and the subsequent commercialization of their content on the island.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Until the end of 2022, many of these operations used digital currency. However, since the Central Bank of Cuba (BCC) limited the amount of transfers in January 2023, the percentage of cash transactions began to grow. Although formally the limitation was only aimed at exchanges between individuals, in practice, it affected the operation of new private enterprises due to Cuba\u2019s unique economic dynamics.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is not uncommon for business owners to pay contingent expenses \u2014 such as transportation or last-minute purchases \u2014 with their own money and then compensate by taking the money spent from the enterprise\u2019s accounts. As the margins for these and other digital operations were limited, the natural reaction was to \u201cbet\u201d on the money in hand. The bancarization policy, dictated at the beginning of August, has consolidated the trend, which does not seem will be reversed in the near future.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"aqChnTrdfh\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/cuba\/economy\/cuban-economy\/bankarization-in-cuba-whats-heard-in-the-street\/\">Bankarization in Cuba: what\u2019s heard in the street<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Bankarization in Cuba: what\u2019s heard in the street&#8221; &#8212; OnCubaNews English\" src=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/cuba\/economy\/cuban-economy\/bankarization-in-cuba-whats-heard-in-the-street\/embed\/#?secret=iFGb48I1F4#?secret=aqChnTrdfh\" data-secret=\"aqChnTrdfh\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This is what Marcos, administrator of a Camag\u00fcey-based MSME specialized in retail sales, thinks. \u201cEconomic activity is based on trust, first of all in financial institutions, and that trust in Cuba is mistreated. If I went to the bank right now to withdraw 10 million pesos from my enterprise\u2019s account, it would be practically impossible for them to give it to me. But without that money, I cannot buy from those who import, or buy dollars \u2018on the street\u2019 to import. Nor does the State guarantee wholesale supplies or sell foreign currency. In these circumstances, the only option is to \u2018avoid\u2019 the bank.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The logistics for any wholesale import to Cuba by enterprises involves the purchase of foreign currency in the informal market, its transfer to the country where the purchase will be made, and complicated procedures to deposit it in a bank account with which to pay the foreign suppliers. This last step of the process may involve additional expenses on the part of Cuban entrepreneurs since most banks do not accept the deposit of large amounts of cash.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Dialogue of the deaf<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Before bancarization, Marcos\u2019 MSME was one of many that accepted payments by transfer. He also paid some of his service providers, such as transporters, through this means.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The scheme worked until, with <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.gacetaoficial.gob.cu\/es\/gaceta-oficial-no-55-extraordinaria-de-2023\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>Resolution 111<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, it was decided to \u201cbancarize\u201d the bulk of commercial operations. The regulation was promulgated on August 2, in an attempt to tackle the cash shortage crisis that the country was facing due to inflation and the decrease in digital transfers. This October 16, on the Mesa Redonda TV program, D\u00edaz-Canel acknowledged that the lack of physical money was the main reason for bancarization: \u201cIf we did not apply it, the cash deficit would have been greater,\u201d he said.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">With the measure, the BCC sought to make \u201ctransparent\u201d at least part of the growing volume of business that was carried out without paying contributions or taxes.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Even though a period of six months was officially proposed for the implementation of \u201c111,\u201d and an additional three months for certain extensions, the BCC ordered its application without even having trained its workers. The \u201cmeetings with economic actors\u201d also began to be held later.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Marcos, who attended one of the first meetings organized in Camag\u00fcey, remembers leaving with more doubts than he arrived with.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cThere were those who asked how we would access foreign currency, having our money deposited in accounts, and those at the bank did not know what to say; another unanswered demand was the printing of more paper money or bills with a larger denomination; and the request that the State sell <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.investopedia.com\/terms\/p\/point-of-sale.asp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>POS<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, or allow their import and then certify them. They only summoned us to that meeting to repeat to us that \u2018bancarization is good,\u2019 without further arguments. At least it didn\u2019t happen like one in Las Tunas, in which they dared to act surprised when someone raised the issue of purchasing foreign currency. \u2018You know it\u2019s illegal to do it on the street.\u2019\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The banking authorities insist, however, that there are no reasons for the resistance of a part of the business sector \u2015 state and private \u2015 to digitalize operations. On September 13, the vice president of the BCC, Alberto Qui\u00f1ones, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/100063861673725\/posts\/pfbid0FDsAm4XE4q32rN9vMUYGSRW1nFZWJ3SAVuu3NZqbptEn3ED11QZFxi793kMFfZJil\/?app=fbl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>told<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 journalist L\u00e1zaro Manuel Alonso: \u201cWe are going to critically analyze with those economic actors that we know today have withdrawn the service when they previously provided it\u2026each of the banks with their clients are going to analyze it, they are going to review it, they are going to evaluate the causes and based on that there will be commitments on how these digital payments are incorporated in all economic actors, which is what the norm is today.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the same interview, Qui\u00f1ones denied rumors about an alleged printing of higher denomination bills or the increase in the volume of cash in circulation.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>The stubborn reality<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At the same time that these statements were issued, Cuba suffered its largest wave of blackouts of the year: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/100003885560111\/posts\/pfbid0gmQjtTFpL3MZYiSqFwS3TM6v1XGgmrtMgTL9CECG1jPYESqMsBo8TpQ3diVR2F8Yl\/?app=fbl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>1,021 megawatts were affected<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. After a temporary improvement, the following week the generation deficit again remained above 750 megawatts (almost a quarter of national demand).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The lack of electricity interrupts the operations of banks and ATMs, and limits digital telephone services (relay towers can only operate for a couple of hours on their batteries); without cell phones, it is not possible to use payment platforms such as Transferm\u00f3vil or EnZona.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"kfaeYrioPk\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/opinion\/columns\/alternatives\/bancarizations-obstacles-and-lessons-not-learned\/\">Bancarization\u2019s obstacles and lessons (not) learned<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Bancarization\u2019s obstacles and lessons (not) learned&#8221; &#8212; OnCubaNews English\" src=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/opinion\/columns\/alternatives\/bancarizations-obstacles-and-lessons-not-learned\/embed\/#?secret=NJlMj1oXQW#?secret=kfaeYrioPk\" data-secret=\"kfaeYrioPk\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A similar situation occurred in 2022 when another electrical crisis hindered commercial activity for months. But in the opinion of David, an informal currency exchanger, the context was less complicated because there were no limits in terms of quantity and amount for operations through digital platforms.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cIn businesses like this, which use such large numbers, many operations could be done without cash, which was an advantage for those who needed the money for other uses. There was also more movement in the freely convertible currency (MLC) market, and there was no shortage of people who told you \u2018make half of that payment to me in transfer\u2019; furthermore, the peso had not devalued that much. In September of last year, the dollar was around 180 pesos! Now, any mule travels with 2,000 or 3,000 dollars, and if it\u2019s a container, the investment does not go below 30,000 dollars. At 250 pesos, as the exchange rate is, we are talking about 7 and a half million pesos, an amount that in any other country would be unthinkable to move in cash.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Shortly after Resolution 111 was issued, Dariel Garc\u00eda, director of Gestor\u00eda Confias, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/555519418\/posts\/pfbid0CnsxUXv66oa2Dahke79VzrdRqxzcB2Ghvbmx6tKfLrWExkuycWQ7MFtniLyGw2C8l\/?app=fbl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>warned<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> on Facebook about the negative impact that the measure could have on the Cuban domestic market. \u201cBy limiting private enterprises\u2019 possibilities of acquiring the MLC or currency they need for their operations, the first response has been to stop purchases and imports\u2026we are talking about imports of food, raw materials, inputs, machinery and equipment&#8230; if the private sector does not continue importing, then we will not have more products, the shortage will return and prices will rise again.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is not a minor warning. Given the collapse of state supply, MSMEs have become suppliers of products such as chicken, oil, jams and beer, precisely the items that in recent months registered the greatest discounts, and have forced a slowdown in the inflationary trend of the Consumer Price Index.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A pound of chicken, which at the beginning of the year was priced at 350 pesos, can now be found for just over 200, while a liter of oil dropped from a thousand pesos to 650. \u201cWho benefits from the reduction in these prices? There is no need for any discussion,\u201d <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/1360535235\/posts\/pfbid02oFyBF9SUUHYYGwpp2TxdGR1vXNc4Q3Dy5j4wAqUXFJGpksSKmMnvqvPLDHwjUbjLl\/?app=fbl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>said<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0economist <\/span>Oscar Fern\u00e1ndez<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, who is in favor of reviewing Resolution 111 to eliminate \u201cits recessive effects.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Citizens\u2019 unease reached the point that on August 8, D\u00edaz-Canel was forced to take it into account in <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/DiazCanelB\/status\/1688924053497921536?t=2Q-9pOIISVs_tMTgMXy-bA&amp;s=19\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>a message through X<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">,\u00a0 calling for \u201cmore information and answers to the doubts of the population and the economic actors.\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Question of currencies\u2026that are leaving<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In July, First Deputy Minister of Economy and Planning Leticia Morales <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cubadebate.cu\/noticias\/2023\/07\/18\/comisiones-de-trabajo-economia-cubana-al-centro-de-la-diana\/amp\/%C2%A0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>reported<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0before the National Assembly of People\u2019s Power (ANPP) that during the first half of 2023, MSMEs had imported 246 million dollars, essentially \u201cfinal products.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Although this amount represented 5.3% of the purchases made by Cuba abroad, Morales insisted on the \u201cdistortions\u201d it caused in terms of \u201cnon-state actors in the economy, with retention of foreign currency abroad to pay suppliers, without going through the national banking system.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Her intervention took place on July 18, less than two weeks before the BCC issued Resolution 111, about which the ANPP did not provide any advance, even though it would have been the ideal space to discuss the measure. Bancarization was not, on the other hand, a last-minute decision.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In May, also in the ANPP, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Economy and Planning Alejandro Gil <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cubadebate.cu\/noticias\/2023\/05\/25\/gil-fernandez-actualiza-sobre-situacion-economica-del-pais\/amp\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b>anticipated<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the possibility of this kind of \u201cbanking corralito,\u201d by launching a generic complaint against \u201cspeculation.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cNo one is going to be asked to work at a loss, but speculation cannot be allowed, not earning five times more,\u201d Gil said in a speech that was directly aimed at MSMEs.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cFor imports you have to get foreign currency at the street price, regardless of whether the State only recognizes the exchange rate of 1\u00d7120. And outside of Cuba, you are obliged to pay commissions of up to 10% to deposit the money you brought in cash. It is a complex operation, much more difficult since customs tariffs were reestablished in January and the tax exemption that benefited new MSMEs for one year, and six months for those converted from previous businesses was eliminated,\u201d explained one of the MSME owners where Marcos works. In principle, he is not planning to leave the business, but he does confess to having limited his purchases of inputs for the end of the year, \u201cuntil we see what happens.\u201d He\u2019s not the only one.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">________________________________________<\/span><\/p>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Note<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: The names of those interviewed have been changed to maintain their anonymity.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Before the bancarization, many Cuban MSMEs accepted payments by transfer. The situation has changed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3882,"featured_media":290335,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[13904,13903],"tags":[14816,26490,14914,19256,34398],"ppma_author":[34368],"class_list":["post-290333","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cuban-economy","category-economy","tag-cuban-economy","tag-cuban-entrepreneurs","tag-cuban-private-sector","tag-featured","tag-msmes"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Who\u2019s going to sell dollars to MSMEs? | OnCubaNews English<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Before the bancarization, many Cuban MSMEs accepted payments by transfer. 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