
{"id":295536,"date":"2024-01-29T15:08:18","date_gmt":"2024-01-29T20:08:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/?p=295536"},"modified":"2024-01-29T15:08:18","modified_gmt":"2024-01-29T20:08:18","slug":"jose-martis-canarian-family","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/cuba\/society-cuba\/cuban-history\/jose-martis-canarian-family\/","title":{"rendered":"Jos\u00e9 Mart\u00ed\u2019s Canarian family"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At dawn, we left for the peaks of Gran Canaria in a Global company bus. After a brief stay in Santa Br\u00edgida, we continued towards San Mateo. It had rained shortly before and the landscape looked green, with many flowers and farmland planted with potatoes and corn that they call <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">millo<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> here and from which they make <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">gofio<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, a staple food since time immemorial.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Although I knew that I would not find the exact place where Antonio P\u00e9rez Monz\u00f3n was born, I was excited to be able to walk through old streets and look at those mountains that perhaps he traveled behind a flock of sheep or in the pranks of a child. It was a desire postponed for four years: to visit the land of Jos\u00e9 Mart\u00ed\u2019s maternal grandfather.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Antonio was born in La Bodeguilla, de la Vega de San Mateo, on January 29, 1791. He was the son of Salvador P\u00e9rez and Leonor Monz\u00f3n, who had married on April 15, 1782, in the parish of Santa Br\u00edgida; they descended from old families in the region. At that time, the majority of men worked since childhood in agriculture. Antonio, however, learned the shoemaker\u2019s trade to earn a living, but he did not work for long in this profession, as he joined the army in Las Palmas de Gran Canaria and later served in Santa Cruz de Tenerife.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It was on this island where he met Rita Mar\u00eda Liberata, daughter of Diego Cabrera, a native of Santa Cruz de la Palma, and Mariana Hern\u00e1ndez Carrillo, from Tenerife. From the union with Rita, Leonor P\u00e9rez Cabrera, the mother of the Apostle of the Independence of Cuba, would be born on December 17, 1828.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_295539\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-295539\" style=\"width: 1140px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Casa-antigua-en-la-Vega-de-San-Mateo-foto-del-autor-1140x1520-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-295539\" src=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Casa-antigua-en-la-Vega-de-San-Mateo-foto-del-autor-1140x1520-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1140\" height=\"1520\" srcset=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Casa-antigua-en-la-Vega-de-San-Mateo-foto-del-autor-1140x1520-1.jpg 1140w, https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Casa-antigua-en-la-Vega-de-San-Mateo-foto-del-autor-1140x1520-1-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Casa-antigua-en-la-Vega-de-San-Mateo-foto-del-autor-1140x1520-1-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Casa-antigua-en-la-Vega-de-San-Mateo-foto-del-autor-1140x1520-1-750x1000.jpg 750w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1140px) 100vw, 1140px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-295539\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Old house in Vega de San Mateo. Photo: Jos\u00e9 Antonio Quintana Garc\u00eda.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_295540\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-295540\" style=\"width: 1140px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Vivienda-antigua-de-la-Vega-de-San-Mateo-foto-del-autor-1140x1520-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-295540\" src=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Vivienda-antigua-de-la-Vega-de-San-Mateo-foto-del-autor-1140x1520-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1140\" height=\"1520\" srcset=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Vivienda-antigua-de-la-Vega-de-San-Mateo-foto-del-autor-1140x1520-1.jpg 1140w, https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Vivienda-antigua-de-la-Vega-de-San-Mateo-foto-del-autor-1140x1520-1-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Vivienda-antigua-de-la-Vega-de-San-Mateo-foto-del-autor-1140x1520-1-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Vivienda-antigua-de-la-Vega-de-San-Mateo-foto-del-autor-1140x1520-1-750x1000.jpg 750w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1140px) 100vw, 1140px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-295540\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Old house in Vega de San Mateo. Photo: Jos\u00e9 Antonio Quintana Garc\u00eda.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><b>Consolaci\u00f3n Street<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The historian Olivia Am\u00e9rica Cano, in her essay <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Como a fuente de vida exhausto r\u00edo, va a mi madre mi esp\u00edritu sombr\u00edo,<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> published in 2008, specifies that Leonor was born:<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (\u2026) in a modest home located on what was then called Calle de la Consolaci\u00f3n, very old, narrow and poorly lit, close to the old market. Currently, that street is named after the Canarian intellectual Juan de la Puerta Canseco, and except for a plaque placed by the Canary Cuban Friendship Association and a bust of the sculptor and friend Thelvia Mar\u00edn, recently donated by the Canarian Association of Cuba to Tenerife, nothing material is preserved from the former P\u00e9rez Cabrera family home in Santa Cruz.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To the researcher Leopoldo de la Rosa Olivera, author of an article published in the <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Revista de Historia Canaria<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in 1980, we owe interesting data recorded in the military file of Antonio P\u00e9rez Monz\u00f3n:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(\u2026) he was 5 feet and 2 inches tall; with black hair, dark skinned and honeyed eyes. The nose was proportionate, the mouth regular and the forehead spacious. He knew how to read and write&#8230; On May 10, 1824, he re-enlisted for another eight years and when his daughter was born, in 1828, he already had the rank of sergeant.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">On June 13, 1833, by Royal Order, he received the honorary Cross of Do\u00f1a Mar\u00eda Isabel Luisa. His transfer to Cuba occurred at his own request, which was granted on September 8, 1842. On November 16 of that year, he left for the Caribbean island to join the Havana Artillery Brigade. It is said that he traveled accompanied by his family. He retired as a lieutenant after having completed more than forty-three years of military career.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mart\u00ed\u2019s Canarian uncles were named Valent\u00edn, Jos\u00e9, Joaquina and Rita. It is known that there were two more male children; however, it has not been possible to specify details of their lives. Perhaps they perished prematurely.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_295541\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-295541\" style=\"width: 702px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Busto-de-Leonor-Perez-Cabrera-en-el-parque-Garcia-Sanabria-de-Santa-Cruz-de-Tenerife-foto-tomada-de-wikipedia-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-295541\" src=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Busto-de-Leonor-Perez-Cabrera-en-el-parque-Garcia-Sanabria-de-Santa-Cruz-de-Tenerife-foto-tomada-de-wikipedia-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"702\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Busto-de-Leonor-Perez-Cabrera-en-el-parque-Garcia-Sanabria-de-Santa-Cruz-de-Tenerife-foto-tomada-de-wikipedia-1.jpg 702w, https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Busto-de-Leonor-Perez-Cabrera-en-el-parque-Garcia-Sanabria-de-Santa-Cruz-de-Tenerife-foto-tomada-de-wikipedia-1-206x300.jpg 206w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 702px) 100vw, 702px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-295541\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bust of Leonor P\u00e9rez Cabrera in the Garc\u00eda Sanabria Park, Santa Cruz de Tenerife. Photo: Wikimedia.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><b>Beautiful Moorish eyes<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Leonor\u2019s biographer Olivia Cano tells us about her:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Leonor\u2019s cultural environment, outlined from the poverty appreciated in her homeland, perhaps the cause of her foresight and austerity, her education, the typical one of women in the 19th century both in Europe and in America: conditioned by society patriarchal. The feminine space is the small space of the home and her preparation as a future wife and mother of a family are the primary objects of her existence. If we add to this the military status of her father, we will understand that she was rigorously educated in respect for social conventions, and the authority of the father, husband and priest. Even if she learned to read and write, it was because of her natural curiosity and intelligence, since she was never sent to school, as that was not considered necessary for her future. She sewed and embroidered exquisitely, a traditional quality of Canarian women, especially those from Tenerife. She had a pleasant presence and beautiful Moorish eyes, still noticeable, despite her blindness, in the photo from the time of her future trip to New York in 1887.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Was it Leonor who transmitted to her little son stories about the daily life and traditions of the Canary Islands? Or did she know them firsthand when she was a child and was in Santa Cruz de Tenerife with her family? On that island, she turned six years old, as Olivia Cano was able to verify. She was there, in January 1859, because her father Mariano tried unsuccessfully to establish himself, the same would happen to him in Valencia.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Everything is left to our imagination. The truth is that in the text <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Un juego nuevo y otros viejos<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, published in<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> La Edad de Oro<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, Mart\u00ed wrote:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The islanders of the Canary Islands, who are very strong people, believe that the stick is not an invention of the English, but of the islands; and yes, it is something to see an islander playing with the stick, and making the pinwheel. The same as fighting, which in the Canary Islands they teach children in schools. And the dance of the ribboned stick; which is a very difficult dance in which each man has a ribbon of one color, and he braids and unbraids it around the stick, making bows and funny figures, without ever making a mistake.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_295542\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-295542\" style=\"width: 1140px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Mural-ubicado-en-el-centro-historico-de-San-Mateo-foto-del-autor-1140x966-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-295542\" src=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Mural-ubicado-en-el-centro-historico-de-San-Mateo-foto-del-autor-1140x966-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1140\" height=\"966\" srcset=\"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Mural-ubicado-en-el-centro-historico-de-San-Mateo-foto-del-autor-1140x966-1.jpg 1140w, https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Mural-ubicado-en-el-centro-historico-de-San-Mateo-foto-del-autor-1140x966-1-300x254.jpg 300w, https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Mural-ubicado-en-el-centro-historico-de-San-Mateo-foto-del-autor-1140x966-1-1024x868.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Mural-ubicado-en-el-centro-historico-de-San-Mateo-foto-del-autor-1140x966-1-768x651.jpg 768w, https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Mural-ubicado-en-el-centro-historico-de-San-Mateo-foto-del-autor-1140x966-1-750x636.jpg 750w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1140px) 100vw, 1140px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-295542\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mural located in the historic center of San Mateo. Photo: Jos\u00e9 Antonio Quintana Garc\u00eda.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><b>Grandfather and grandson<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Apparently, Antonio P\u00e9rez Monz\u00f3n died in Havana at the end of the 1850s so he was able to meet his grandson Pepe, born on January 28, 1853. Leonor also died in the Cuban capital, on June 19, 1907.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The immigrants from the Fortunate Islands proudly highlighted the Canarian origin of Jos\u00e9 Mart\u00ed\u2019s maternal family through articles, civic acts, and other tributes. Among several texts that we have found in the collections of magazines published in Havana, we reproduce, as a sample sample, one published by <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">El Guanche<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, on January 25, 1925:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">On the 28th of this month marks sixty-two years since his birth. He carried in his entrails an islander, a Canary Islander whose name bears the street where the humble little house is located where the greatest of all Cubans and one of the most illustrious sons of America and the world first saw the light. Mart\u00ed is Cuba\u2019s, he belongs to Cuba, and it is his most positive glory. But he is also ours. And if there were no close bonds of affection between Cubans and Canarians, the memory of the unequaled Apostle would be enough to create and strengthen them.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">________________________________________<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Sources:<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Olivia Am\u00e9rica Cano Castro: \u201c<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Como a fuente de vida exhausto r\u00edo, va a mi madre mi esp\u00edritu sombr\u00edo,\u201d\u00a0<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Revista Brasileira do Caribe<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, vol. VIII, no. 16, January-June, 2008, pp. 363-375, Universidade Federal de Goi\u00e1s Goi\u00e2nia, Brazil.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Leopoldo de la Rosa Olivera: \u201c<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">La familia materna de Jos\u00e9 Mart\u00ed,\u201d\u00a0<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Revista de Historia Canaria,<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Volume 37. Year 48, Number 172, La Laguna de Tenerife, 1980.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">El Guanche<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">www.ancestry.com<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/auto-hermes-sxxi.net\/arbolgen-notas.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/auto-hermes-sxxi.net\/arbolgen-notas.htm<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Although I knew that I would not find the exact place where Antonio P\u00e9rez Monz\u00f3n was born, I was excited to walk through old streets and look at those mountains that perhaps he traveled.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12345875,"featured_media":295538,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[13912],"tags":[22988,959],"ppma_author":[34654],"class_list":["post-295536","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cuban-history","tag-cuban-history","tag-jose-marti-en"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Jos\u00e9 Mart\u00ed\u2019s Canarian family | OnCubaNews English<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Although I knew that I would not find the exact place where Antonio P\u00e9rez Monz\u00f3n was born, I was excited to walk through old streets and look at those mountains that perhaps he traveled.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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