{"id":314036,"date":"2024-12-01T15:03:31","date_gmt":"2024-12-01T20:03:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/?p=314036"},"modified":"2024-12-01T15:03:31","modified_gmt":"2024-12-01T20:03:31","slug":"oscar-paglieri-the-anointed-one-of-la-estrella-de-italia-in-cuba","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/cuba\/economy\/oscar-paglieri-the-anointed-one-of-la-estrella-de-italia-in-cuba\/","title":{"rendered":"Oscar Paglieri: the anointed one of \u201cLa Estrella de Italia\u201d in Cuba"},"content":{"rendered":"

In search of the source of fortune, feeling like a new tropical conqueror, Oscar Paglieri burst into Havana when one world \u2014 the 19th century \u2014 was dying out and another \u2014 the 20th \u2014 was dawning. As soon as he set foot in the city, he was enveloped by a secret feeling of predestiny and as an enterprising and stubborn Italian, he set to work to forge the dream that he had pursued for years: to have his own jewelry and precious metal engraving workshop.<\/span><\/p>\n

Flirting with his horizon, the Turin native christened the brand-new business <\/span>La Estrella de Italia<\/span><\/i>. The assumption of the name confirms that despite the Cuban hospitality he had not taken his homeland out of the trunk of memories. From southern Campania, the hills of Tuscany to the coastal landscapes of Liguria and Piedmont, the Paglieri surname is rooted deep in the cultural and regional identity of Italy.<\/span><\/p>\n

Immersed in his atelier, Paglieri spent hours and hours of pirouettes with tweezers and magnifying glasses developing his inventiveness, his precise pulse to carve surprises and, above all, his dazzling technique. He was seduced by molding gold, silver, precious stones…melting them, amalgamating them, playing with them; aware that they were pieces that couldn\u2019t be resisted by most mortals.<\/span><\/p>\n

His venture could have been one more lost among the thousand stories that marked the waves of migration from Europe to America, entire generations crossing the ocean in search of a better future. But the story of Paglieri is so immense and little known that it certainly deserves to be told. Today we could consider him one of the fathers of contemporary goldsmithing in Cuba, where the Italian influence \u2014 after the Spanish \u2014 is a decisive ingredient in what Don Fernando Ortiz called the Cuban \u201cmelting pot.\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Portrait
Portrait of Oscar Paglieri. Photo: Taken from Bohemia, March 19, 1911.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Born under a lucky star<\/b><\/p>\n

Officially registered as a silversmith, jewelry and diamond workshop, <\/span>La Estrella de Italia<\/span><\/i> quickly became a favorite subject of popular gossip, and the name of its founder began to spread as a brand of talent and exclusivity. Private commissions began to pour in from the nobility seeking to satisfy ornamental whims, and the modest house began to gain in competitiveness to compete with <\/span>La Acacia<\/span><\/i> and <\/span>Cuervos y Sobrinos<\/span><\/i>, two of the old and accredited entities in the field.<\/span><\/p>\n

There is documentary evidence that around 1895 the establishment was located at number 107 Calzada de Monte, which for some time was a busy commercial artery due to the line-up of shops, hardware stores, inns and businesses of all kinds with eye-catching signs, decorations and an abundance of offers.<\/span><\/p>\n

As the Republic progressed, the Havana aristocracy strengthened its obsession with noble attire and jewelry in the best court style, to the point of not giving a reprieve to their clothes, even to fan themselves in the palatial portal on Sundays. By then the industrious Paglieri had already decided to take his business to the next level with industrial-scale production. He formed a team of craftsmen who knew how to make everything, from cufflinks and earrings to the largest and most complex orders. Beyond the usefulness of the machines, for him the skill and artistic sensitivity of his employees were the most important thing.<\/span><\/p>\n

Thanks to his growing reputation and economic boom, in 1899 he moved <\/span>La Estrella de Italia<\/span><\/i> to a more suitable space at 46 and 48 Compostela, between Obispo and Obrap\u00eda, the heart of Old Havana. It was impossible not to stop in front of the window, splendid and shiny like a silver cup, to praise the beauty of the display. Similar to the admirably linked chains they had on display, each client recommended to their friends the place where they could buy a special gift. Paglieri went from being a simple jewelry seller to a master jeweler, a reference figure. His pioneering manufacture grew more and more and diversified until it became an empire.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"View
View of the exhibition hall in Paglieri\u2019s workshop. Photo: Taken from Bohemia, March 19, 1911.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

On good authority<\/b><\/p>\n

The Italian\u2019s genius was not only noticed by important people, but reports soon appeared in the newspapers. The <\/span>Diario de La Marina<\/span><\/i>, for example, went so far as to call him \u201cBenvenuto Cellini of the modern era,\u201d and estimated that, to the honor of Cuba, Paglieri\u2019s house was in a position to compete with the most distinguished foreign jewelry stores.<\/span><\/p>\n

In its evening edition of September 30, 1903, the aforementioned newspaper invited readers to admire all kinds of notable works in the Compostela workshop, among which two pectorals and two episcopal rings covered with gold and emeralds stood out, \u201ca wonder of art and good taste\u201d \u2014 according to the chronicler \u2014 destined for the new bishops of Havana and Pinar del R\u00edo, Monsignor Gonz\u00e1lez Estrada and Monsignor Braulio Or\u00fae, respectively.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cA round of applause, not to the artist who has produced these and many other works of merit and value \u2014 such as the solid silver dog, commissioned by a devotee for a miracle, which is displayed in the window case itself \u2014 but to the city that has it in its midst and that has nothing to envy of the most advanced in art in what concerns the silverware branch,\u201d the text emphasized.<\/span><\/p>\n

The same, although in its style, was opined by <\/span>El F\u00edgaro<\/span><\/i> on March 14, 1909: \u201cIt can be said, because it is true, that every work of art executed today in Havana, and even in the interior of the Republic, that has any importance, is unfailingly entrusted to <\/span>La Estrella de Italia<\/span><\/i>. And so it has to be, since no other house can offer better guarantees of perfect execution and serious compliance than the great Pagliery jewelry store.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Advertisement
Advertisement for La Estrella de Italia. Photo: Taken from El F\u00edgaro, April 15, 1900.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

A couple of years later, the magazine <\/span>Bohemia<\/span><\/i> dedicated on March 19, 1911 two pages to celebrating the company\u2019s recent triumph, having won the Grand Prize in the Arts Section of the National Exhibition, held at the Quinta de los Molinos. A wonderfully executed silver shield of Cuba; the \u201cAlmendares\u201d Cup that the magnate Eugenio Jim\u00e9nez, tenant of Almendares Park, used to give to the champion baseball team; a silver portrait of Miss Carmelina Guzm\u00e1n; as well as a collection of enameled carvings and dreamlike filigrees made up the jewelry stand inside the pavilion, captivating the public and winning the jury\u2019s reward.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cWith intense and proper brilliance, <\/span>La Estrella de Italia<\/span><\/i>\u00a0has shone in the firmament of the National Exhibition, standing out with unusual brilliance among those of all magnitudes that have illuminated the contest. The name of Oscar Paglieri is so closely linked to that of <\/span>La Estrella de Italia<\/span><\/i>\u00a0that they are often confused when talking about work in jewelry and fine metals in which the chisel plays a major role. Mr Paglieri is a consummate artist; an exquisite architect; an enterprising, cultured and modern spirit,\u201d the article said.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Advertisement
Advertisement for La Estrella de Italia in the period after the death of its founder. Photo: Taken from Diario de La Marina, June 21, 1913.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Constellation of works<\/b><\/p>\n

His pieces were inspired by the most diverse lines and the most exotic models. Crowns, necklaces, charms, statuettes, miniatures, watches, medals, album cover plates, trophies or plaques to place at the foot of sculptures \u2014 the list would be endless \u2014 were scattered around the rooms of high-class ladies, artists\u2019 dressing rooms, executive offices, sports clubs, institutional headquarters and museums\u2026in short, the work of the notable engraver was linked to everything that signified progress.<\/span><\/p>\n

To give you an idea: the medal presented to General M\u00e1ximo G\u00f3mez on May 20, 1902 came from <\/span>La Estrella de Italia<\/span><\/i>. Commissioned by a group of chiefs and officers who fought under his command, the 18-carat gold piece, weighing approximately three ounces, with a pin and case, had the profile of La Caba\u00f1a Fortress engraved on the front and an inscription dedicated to the Generalissimo. \u201cWe owe the realization of our ideal to his genius and perseverance,\u201d it said. The reverse featured the National Coat of Arms, the date and the dedication of the comrades in arms. It is currently part of the collection of the Numismatic Museum.<\/span><\/p>\n

Meanwhile, the Goldsmith Museum has a commemorative piece in its collection consisting of a gilded silver lion lying on a handful of coins melted by the explosion of the battleship <\/span>Vizcaya<\/span><\/i>. It has an irregular-looking silver base with bulging legs. The details of the anchor, war objects, ivory, rope and lifebuoy refer to the ill-fated ship of Cervera\u2019s fleet that was sunk in the naval battle off the coast of Santiago in July 1898.<\/span><\/p>\n

Other memorable pieces were a silver emblem by Eusebio Hern\u00e1ndez \u2014 a doctor and friend of Antonio Maceo \u2014 that symbolized an open scroll with the woman Cuba and a fragment of the doctor\u2019s patriotic letter renouncing his leadership of the Liberal Party and his candidacy for the national government. Likewise, the Coat of Arms of Cuba, all in silver, which adorned the office of President Jos\u00e9 Miguel G\u00f3mez, or the \u201cHabana\u201d Cup, with allegorical ornaments of gold and silver and colored enamel, which was presented by the capital\u2019s City Council as a trophy during the first international automobile race held in Cuba, on February 13, 1905.<\/span><\/p>\n

But without a doubt the most iconic work for its significance in the nation\u2019s historical, devotional and cultural heritage of those made in <\/span>La Estrella de Italia<\/span><\/i> was the trousseau that displays the representation of Our Lady of Charity of El Cobre, Cuba\u2019s patron saint, and which was placed there by the delegation of Pope Pius XI in 1936. The crown displays the coat of arms of Cuba on its sides, the Royal Palm in the center and at the base the motto \u201cAmbulavit Mater,\u201d which alludes to the \u201cMother of Charity who walked on water\u201d; while the halo recreates the sun with its 12 stars and the inscription Ave Maria. Both pieces are made of 18-carat gold and platinum with 1,450 diamonds, rubies, emeralds, pearls, among other precious stones set. The crown of Baby Jesus is also made of gold and platinum, adorned with pearls and diamonds.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Gold
Gold writing desk and pen given to President Jos\u00e9 Miguel G\u00f3mez. Photo: Taken from El F\u00edgaro, March 14, 1909.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Cuba for Italy<\/b><\/p>\n

Even though he made some of the most expensive or exclusive pieces on the market and rubbed shoulders with the celebrities of the moment, Paglieri never went crazy with superego or cut ties with his country.<\/span><\/p>\n

A member of the Mediterranean community settled in Havana, in early 1909 he was unanimously elected \u2015 surely due to his efficient and kind spirit \u2015 as president of the Por Sicily and Calabria Italian Committee, created after the earthquake that devastated southern Italy at around five in the morning on December 28, 1908, causing 100,000 deaths; one of the greatest catastrophes that the continent remembers.<\/span><\/p>\n

As part of this, he put his home at the mercy of the aforementioned committee and, to raise funds, organized an evening in which artists from the Payret, Nacional, Actualidades and Alhambra theaters performed various productions and excerpts from Puccini\u2019s <\/span>La Boheme<\/span><\/i> and Verdi\u2019s <\/span>La Traviata<\/span><\/i>. By the time Paglieri concluded his humanitarian mission on April 24, the committee under his auspices had managed to send 43,560 francs to Rome for the survivors of the earthquake, a sum that was not inconsiderable at the time.<\/span><\/p>\n

He was also among the founders of the Italian Patriotic Society, established on February 1, 1912 by Italians living in Havana for patriotic, unitary and recreational purposes. The Italian minister on the island, Giacomo Mondello, was the honorary president; engineer Stefano Calcavechia was the president and Paglieri was the vice president.<\/span><\/p>\n

Not all that glitters is gold<\/b><\/p>\n

Despite his aura and position, he suddenly fell into disgrace. Oscar Paglieri Galleani died in the Cuban capital on December 13, 1912.<\/span><\/p>\n

A passenger list of the transatlantic liner <\/span>America<\/span><\/i> places him two months earlier, returning from Turin by sea route Genoa\u2013New York\u2013Havana. He was accompanied by his wife Virginia Paglieri, ten years younger. Had he gone to say goodbye to his beloved land or to recover his energy from the illness that, hidden away, was devouring her entrails?<\/span><\/p>\n

His body was taken the next morning to Col\u00f3n Cemetery in a procession led by representatives of the Italian community, Havana commerce and close friends. Paglieri was much loved by his compatriots and Cubans not only for his business prestige as manager of <\/span>La Estrella de Italia<\/span><\/i>, but also for being considered a champion of goldsmithing and a man of benevolent character.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cMr. Paglieri was buried in vault number 861 of the administration acquired by Mario Ferrari and exhumed on December 20, 1922, to have his remains transferred to the ossuary owned by Evaristo Iduarte, located in the northeast quarter, block 23 of the common field,\u201d the attentive historian Ricardo D\u00edaz Murgas, a member of the necropolis\u2019 museology team, told <\/span>OnCuba<\/b>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dr. Enrique N\u00fa\u00f1ez diagnosed stomach cancer when he signed the death certificate in black letters. Although the causes may be multifactorial, modern medical studies suggest that gastric neoplasia would be more likely in people with occupations such as coal, rubber and metal. In this case, the jeweler Oscar had everything to lose. Did the same profession that brought him glory take him to the grave at the age of 49? Perhaps we will never know.<\/span><\/p>\n

The story of Paglieri, the anointed one of <\/span>La Estrella de Italia<\/span><\/i>, did not have a happy ending; but it left a lesson on how determination leads to triumph even beyond death.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

An enterprising and accommodating Italian opened a jewelry workshop in Havana that not only won the attention of the personalities of his time, but also ended up being an industrial and artistic emporium.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12346255,"featured_media":314040,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[13912,13903],"tags":[34938,19256,34937],"ppma_author":[34888],"class_list":["post-314036","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cuban-history","category-economy","tag-cuban-companies","tag-featured","tag-history-of-cuba"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nOscar Paglieri: the anointed one of \u201cLa Estrella de Italia\u201d in Cuba | OnCubaNews English<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"An enterprising and accommodating Italian opened a jewelry workshop in Havana that not only won the attention of the 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