{"id":318055,"date":"2025-02-12T15:42:45","date_gmt":"2025-02-12T20:42:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/?p=318055"},"modified":"2025-02-12T15:42:45","modified_gmt":"2025-02-12T20:42:45","slug":"atares-castle-from-spanish-fortress-to-museum-with-works-by-da-vinci","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/oncubanews.com\/en\/cuba\/atares-castle-from-spanish-fortress-to-museum-with-works-by-da-vinci\/","title":{"rendered":"Atar\u00e9s Castle: From Spanish fortress to museum with works by Da Vinci"},"content":{"rendered":"

In the vicinity of <\/span>Havana<\/b><\/a> Bay, and particularly the Atar\u00e9s inlet, stands the castle of the same name. After more than two centuries of military use, the building was rehabilitated just a few years ago to become a museum.<\/span><\/p>\n

Although less famous than other fortresses built by the Spanish to defend the Cuban capital \u2014 such as La Caba\u00f1a, La Fuerza or El Morro \u2014, Atar\u00e9s is a paradigmatic piece of that defensive system, an example of the military architecture of its time that has become an important heritage site in the city.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Bridge
Bridge and entrance to the Santo Domingo de Atar\u00e9s Castle, in Havana. Photo: Otmaro Rodr\u00edguez.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Completed in 1767, after the recovery of Havana by Spain following eleven months of British rule, the Santo Domingo de Atar\u00e9s Castle owes its name to the Counts of Atar\u00e9s. Some sources indicate that they were the parents of the then governor of Cuba, while others point out that they were the in-laws of the king\u2019s engineer, Agust\u00edn Crame, who paid tribute to them in this way.<\/span><\/p>\n

According to documents from the time, its construction was directed by the engineer Silvestre Abarca and included the intervention of Crame, of Belgian origin. It was built following the construction patterns of the 18th century, with an irregular hexagonal floor plan, without bastions and with hexagonal sentry boxes at its vertices.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Upper
Upper part of the Santo Domingo de Atar\u00e9s Castle, in Havana. Photo: Otmaro Rodr\u00edguez.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The castle is surrounded by a moat and has a small central parade ground, surrounded by several fortified buildings for the accommodation of troops, storing food and weapons, and for other services necessary for its operation.<\/span><\/p>\n

On its roofs there were about twenty cannons, while its location, in the absence of a hill also prepared by the builders, made it very difficult for the enemy to climb or besiege. Although ships could reach the inlet, they could not reach the castle directly.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Cannons
Cannons at the entrance to the Santo Domingo de Atar\u00e9s Castle, in Havana. Photo: Otmaro Rodr\u00edguez.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The Atar\u00e9s Castle never saw combat during the colonial period. After the arrival of the republic, it continued to have military functions and was the headquarters of the presidential guard. It was also used as a prison and was the scene of murders and torture during the dictatorship of Gerardo Machado.<\/span><\/p>\n

After Machado\u2019s fall, on November 8, 1933, it was occupied by elements opposed to the government of then President Ram\u00f3n Grau San Mart\u00edn. In response, it was bombed by land and sea by forces of the Cuban army and navy, in the main war episode in its history.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Powder
Powder magazine at the Santo Domingo de Atar\u00e9s Castle, in Havana. Photo: Otmaro Rodr\u00edguez.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

For many years, until after 1959, the Atar\u00e9s Castle remained in the hands of the army and underwent modifications. Finally, in 2013 it was handed over to the Office of the Historian of Havana \u201cin a fairly advanced depauperating state, very damaged by the number of additions and elements foreign to the fortress,\u201d <\/span>according<\/span><\/a>\u00a0to engineer N\u00e9stor Sad Rodr\u00edguez.<\/span><\/p>\n

Then, a process of restoration and rehabilitation began, with Italian cooperation, which required in-depth historical and archaeological research. During the works, original elements were rescued, necessary facilities were added, and historical vestiges and even human remains were found.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Archaeology
Archaeology room at the Atar\u00e9s Castle, in Havana. Photo: Otmaro Rodr\u00edguez.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Finally, already restored, the Atar\u00e9s Castle reopened its doors in November 2019, as part of the celebrations for Havana\u2019s 500 years. At <\/span>its inauguration<\/span><\/a>, the remembered city historian Eusebio Leal made one of his last public appearances, being the main speaker at the event a few months before he passed away.<\/span><\/p>\n

After its reopening, the castle has functioned as a museum in which the history of the site itself is shown to the public. Added to this are works by Leonardo da Vinci, donated by Italy and linked to military, fortification and engineering themes. This gives it a distinction within the Havana museum system. This Sunday we were able to see it inside thanks to the lens of our photojournalist Otmaro Rodr\u00edguez.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Model
Model of the Santo Domingo de Atar\u00e9s Castle, in Havana, displayed in the fortress itself. Photo: Otmaro Rodr\u00edguez.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"Path
Path leading to the Santo Domingo de Atar\u00e9s Castle, in Havana. Photo: Otmaro Rodr\u00edguez.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"Portico
Portico at the entrance to the Santo Domingo de Atar\u00e9s Castle, in Havana. Photo: Otmaro Rodr\u00edguez.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"This
This area of \u200b\u200bthe Atar\u00e9s Castle was a service area and a network of canals. Photo: Otmaro Rodr\u00edguez.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"Replicas
Replicas of Leonardo da Vinci paintings at the Atar\u00e9s Castle: \u201cThe Annunciation,\u201d \u201cThe Baptism of Christ\u201d and \u201cThe Lady with an Ermine.\u201d Photo: Otmaro Rodr\u00edguez.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"\u201cThe
\u201cThe ideal city\u201d designed by Leonardo da Vinci, on display at the Atar\u00e9s Castle. Photo: Otmaro Rodr\u00edguez.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"Study
Study for the development of the camera obscura, by Da Vinci. Photo: Otmaro Rodr\u00edguez.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"Chamber
Chamber of mirrors, machine that is part of the study carried out by Da Vinci in the field of optics. Photo: Otmaro Rodr\u00edguez.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"Combat
Combat tank designed by Leonardo da Vinci, on display at the Atar\u00e9s Castle. Photo: Otmaro Rodr\u00edguez.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"Flying
Flying machines and combat weapons created by Da Vinci between the 15th and 16th centuries. Photo: Otmaro Rodr\u00edguez.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"Model
Model of the glider designed by Leonardo da Vinci, on display at the Atar\u00e9s Castle. Photo: Otmaro Rodr\u00edguez.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"Bridges
Bridges designed by Leonardo da Vinci, on display at the Atar\u00e9s Castle. Photo: Otmaro Rodr\u00edguez.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"Steam
Steam cannon designed by Leonardo da Vinci, on display at the Atar\u00e9s Castle. Photo: Otmaro Rodr\u00edguez.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"Paddle
Paddle boat designed by Leonardo da Vinci, on display at the Atar\u00e9s Castle. Photo: Otmaro Rodr\u00edguez.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"Cranes
Cranes designed by Leonardo da Vinci, on display at the Atar\u00e9s Castle. Photo: Otmaro Rodr\u00edguez.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"Excavator
Excavator designed by Leonardo da Vinci, on display at the Atar\u00e9s Castle. Photo: Otmaro Rodr\u00edguez.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"Room
Room with pieces for the study of Da Vinci\u2019s transmission of movement, at the Atar\u00e9s Castle. Photo: Otmaro Rodr\u00edguez.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Although less famous than other colonial fortresses in Havana, it is a paradigmatic example of the military architecture of its time and today houses pieces designed by the Italian genius.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3134,"featured_media":318058,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[44,13902],"tags":[34598,19256,34983],"ppma_author":[33546],"class_list":["post-318055","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-architecture","category-cuba","tag-architecture-havana","tag-featured","tag-leonardo-da-vinci"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nAtar\u00e9s Castle: From Spanish fortress to museum with works by Da Vinci | OnCubaNews English<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The Atar\u00e9s Castle reopened its doors in November 2019, as part of the celebrations for Havana\u2019s 500 years.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" 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