New year, new life? Not necessarily. At least for Cuban migrants who want to enter the United States. In fact, in the first weeks of next year, life could become complicated for those born on the island who seek to enter the United States illegally.
The border is virtually closed but it is not yet impenetrable. Migrants from the Caribbean, Central America and the rest of the continent manage to continue entering through the Rio Grande and other passes that are not yet well guarded.
Upon arrival in U.S. territory, Cuban migrants appear before the authorities and, as a general rule, they are admitted, sent to the home of relatives and friends and one day, eventually, an immigration judge will decide whether they receive asylum or rectify their entry and they are ultimately left with the applying for the Cuban Adjustment Act.
The bad news is that, according to three anonymous Biden administration officials, sooner rather than later, the president will include migrants from the island in a program similar to the one that already includes Venezuelans: they will have to return to their country and from there apply online for an entry visa whose granting is unknown, but which, in the case of Venezuelans, has already been granted to some 14,000.
The Biden administration is planning to use pandemic-era restrictions to expel many Cuban, Nicaraguan and Haitian immigrants stuck at the border back to Mexico.
At the same time, the United States would allow some immigrants from those countries, as those from Venezuela already do, to enter the country by air for humanitarian reasons.
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This restrictive policy is being considered after the U.S. Supreme Court ruled this week that the restrictions of controversial Title 42, a pandemic-era law that allows U.S. authorities to quickly expel immigrants, will remain in effect for what could be months, while a legal battle over their future unfolds.
Under Title 42, which was originally issued in March 2020, border agents can quickly expel migrants back to Mexico, without giving them a chance to apply for asylum.
The new rules for Cubans, Nicaraguans and Haitians would follow the model of the program for Venezuelans launched in October, which allows up to 24,000 Venezuelans outside the United States to apply to enter the country by air through “temporary humanitarian stay” if they have U.S. sponsors.
Instead, Venezuelan migrants caught trying to cross the border are generally returned to Mexico.
Mexico has only accepted the expulsion of people of some nationalities, mainly Mexicans and Central Americans, but after the country began to receive Venezuelans in October, the crossings of these decreased drastically, and some gave up and returned to their country.
Two of the officials told Reuters that the policy change for Cubans, Haitians and Nicaraguans could take place as soon as this week. A third official said it could apply to the first two groups this week and to Nicaraguans at a later date.
Biden has had to deal with unprecedented levels of migrant crossings at the border with Mexico since he took office in January 2021, fueling criticism from Republicans and some members of his own party, who argue that the immigration policies are too lax.
U.S. Border Patrol agents apprehended a record 2.2 million migrants at the southwest border in fiscal year 2022, which ended Sept. 30. About half of those arrested were quickly expelled under Title 42.
Under the new temporary stay program for Venezuelans, more than 14,000 people from that country had been reviewed and received approval to travel to the United States, and more than 5,900 had already arrived legally as of November 30, according to the Department of Homeland Security (DHS).
After the implementation of the program for that Latin American nation, the number of Venezuelans detained illegally crossing into the United States fell by almost 70%, going from about 21,000 in October to 6,200 in November, according to data from the office of the United States Customs and Border Protection (CBP) released last week.
The crossings of Cubans and Nicaraguans increased by 38% during that same period, with some 68,000 migrants entering the country in November, compared to 49,000 the previous month.
Author
Rui Ferreira
